As in this case (without using `Annotated`) we have to replace the default value `None` in the function with `Query()`, we now need to set the default value with the parameter `Query(default=None)`, it serves the same purpose of defining that default value (at least for FastAPI).

So:

```Python
q: str | None = Query(default=None)
```

...makes the parameter optional, with a default value of `None`, the same as:


```Python

## Default response class { #default-response-class }

When creating a **FastAPI** class instance or an `APIRouter` you can specify which response class to use by default.

The parameter that defines this is `default_response_class`.

In the example below, **FastAPI** will use `ORJSONResponse` by default, in all *path operations*, instead of `JSONResponse`.

{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial010.py hl[2,4] *}

<img src="/img/deployment/https/https06.drawio.svg">

### Resposta HTTPS

O Proxy de Terminação TLS iria **encriptar a resposta** utilizando a criptografia combinada anteriormente (que foi definida com o certificado para `someapp.example.com`), e devolveria para o navegador.

	// records, which are used to overcome USTAR's shortcomings, in addition to
	// providing the ability to have sub-second resolution for timestamps.
	//
	// Some newer formats add their own extensions to PAX by defining their
	// own keys and assigning certain semantic meaning to the associated values.
	// For example, sparse file support in PAX is implemented using keys
	// defined by the GNU manual (e.g., "GNU.sparse.map").
	//

///

Aquí definimos la configuración `env_file` dentro de tu clase Pydantic `Settings`, y establecemos el valor en el nombre del archivo con el archivo dotenv que queremos usar.

### Support d'OpenAPI

OpenAPI ne supporte pas de manière de déclarer un paramètre de chemin contenant un *chemin*, cela pouvant causer des scénarios difficiles à tester et définir.

Néanmoins, cela reste faisable dans **FastAPI**, via les outils internes de Starlette.

### Breve

Há **padrões** sensíveis para tudo, com configurações adicionais em todos os lugares. Todos os parâmetros podem ser regulados para fazer o que você precisa e para definir a API que você necessita.

Por padrão, tudo **"simplesmente funciona"**.

### Validação

* Validação para a maioria dos (ou todos?) **tipos de dados** do Python, incluindo:
    * objetos JSON (`dict`).

In many cases, OAuth2 with scopes can be an overkill.

But if you know you need it, or you are curious, keep reading.

///

## OAuth2 scopes and OpenAPI { #oauth2-scopes-and-openapi }

The OAuth2 specification defines "scopes" as a list of strings separated by spaces.

The content of each of these strings can have any format, but should not contain spaces.

These scopes represent "permissions".

    checkState(boxedBoolean.booleanValue(), "", s);
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible // NullPointerTester
  public void testNullPointers() {
    /*
     * Don't bother testing: Preconditions defines a bunch of methods that accept a template (or
     * even entire message) that simultaneously:
     *
     * - _shouldn't_ be null, so we don't annotate it with @Nullable
     *

    checkState(boxedBoolean.booleanValue(), "", s);
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible // NullPointerTester
  public void testNullPointers() {
    /*
     * Don't bother testing: Preconditions defines a bunch of methods that accept a template (or
     * even entire message) that simultaneously:
     *
     * - _shouldn't_ be null, so we don't annotate it with @Nullable
     *