// Test constructor with null cause
        final JobProcessingException exception = new JobProcessingException((Throwable) null);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNullMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with null message and cause

        byte[] raw = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 };
        AvPair avPair = new AvPair(type, raw);

        assertEquals(type, avPair.getType(), "Type should match the constructor argument.");
        assertArrayEquals(raw, avPair.getRaw(), "Raw data should match the constructor argument.");

        // Test with another type and empty raw data
        int type2 = AvPair.MsvAvEOL;
        byte[] raw2 = new byte[] {};

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Default constructor should create exception with null message and cause")
    void testDefaultConstructor() {
        // Given & When
        CIFSUnsupportedCryptoException exception = new CIFSUnsupportedCryptoException();

        // Then
        assertNull(exception.getMessage(), "Default constructor should have null message");

        assertEquals(expectedStatus, ex.getNtStatus(), "status should map based on code");
        assertNull(ex.getCause(), "cause must be null for int constructor");
        assertNull(ex.getRootCause(), "rootCause must be null for int constructor");
    }

    /**
     * Validate message-only constructor with both null and empty messages.
     */
    @ParameterizedTest
    @MethodSource("messageProvider")

    @Mock
    private NdrObject mockNdrObject;

    /**
     * Test the constructor of MsrpcQueryInformationPolicy.
     * It should correctly call the super constructor and set ptype and flags.
     */
    @Test
    @DisplayName("Constructor should initialize fields and call super constructor")
    void constructorTest() {
        short level = 1;

        // Create an instance of the class under test

        // Verify that SystemUtil has a private constructor (utility class pattern)
        try {
            Constructor<SystemUtil> constructor = SystemUtil.class.getDeclaredConstructor();
            assertTrue("Constructor should be private", java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isPrivate(constructor.getModifiers()));

            // Test that constructor is accessible when made accessible
            constructor.setAccessible(true);

     */
    public static ParameterizedClassDesc createParameterizedClassDesc(final Constructor<?> constructor, final int index,
            final Map<TypeVariable<?>, Type> map) {
        assertArgumentNotNull("constructor", constructor);
        assertArgumentNotNull("map", map);

        return createParameterizedClassDesc(constructor.getGenericParameterTypes()[index], map);

        // Test the no-argument constructor
        ConnectionTimeoutException exception = new ConnectionTimeoutException();
        assertNull(exception.getMessage(), "Message should be null for no-arg constructor");
        assertNull(exception.getCause(), "Cause should be null for no-arg constructor");
    }

    @Test
    void testStringConstructor() {
        // Test the constructor with a message

        // Verify that ThreadDumpUtil has a protected constructor (utility class pattern)
        try {
            Constructor<ThreadDumpUtil> constructor = ThreadDumpUtil.class.getDeclaredConstructor();
            assertTrue("Constructor should be protected", java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isProtected(constructor.getModifiers()));

            // Test that constructor is accessible when made accessible

    public void test_constructorWithNullMessage() {
        // Test constructor with null message
        ThumbnailGenerationException exception = new ThumbnailGenerationException(null);

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructorWithNullMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with null message and null cause