///

여기서는 Pydantic `Settings` 클래스 안에 config `env_file`을 정의하고, 사용하려는 dotenv 파일의 파일명을 값으로 설정합니다.

### `lru_cache`로 `Settings`를 한 번만 생성하기 { #creating-the-settings-only-once-with-lru-cache }

디스크에서 파일을 읽는 것은 보통 비용이 큰(느린) 작업이므로, 각 요청마다 읽기보다는 한 번만 수행하고 동일한 settings 객체를 재사용하는 것이 좋습니다.

하지만 매번 다음을 수행하면:

```Python
Settings()
```

`model_config` 屬性僅用於 Pydantic 的設定。你可以閱讀更多：[Pydantic：概念：設定](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/config/)。

///

在這裡我們在 Pydantic 的 `Settings` 類別中定義設定 `env_file`，並將其值設為要使用的 dotenv 檔名。

### 使用 `lru_cache` 只建立一次 `Settings` { #creating-the-settings-only-once-with-lru-cache }

從磁碟讀取檔案通常是昂貴（慢）的操作，所以你可能希望只做一次，然後重複使用同一個設定物件，而不是在每個請求都讀取。

但每次我們這樣做：

```Python
Settings()
```

都會建立一個新的 `Settings` 物件，而且在建立時會再次讀取 `.env` 檔。

    @DisplayName("SamrCloseHandle Tests")
    class SamrCloseHandleTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should construct with correct opnum")
        void testConstructorAndOpnum() {
            // When: Creating close handle message
            samr.SamrCloseHandle message = new samr.SamrCloseHandle(mockPolicyHandle);

            // Then: Should have correct opnum and handle
            assertEquals(0x01, message.getOpnum());

    return (byte) (b ^ 0x80);
  }

  /**
   * Sorts the array, treating its elements as unsigned bytes.
   *
   * @since 23.1
   */
  public static void sort(byte[] array) {
    checkNotNull(array);
    sort(array, 0, array.length);
  }

  /**
   * Sorts the array between {@code fromIndex} inclusive and {@code toIndex} exclusive, treating its
   * elements as unsigned bytes.
   *
   * @since 23.1
   */

    }
  }

  /**
   * Sorts the array, treating its elements as unsigned 64-bit integers.
   *
   * @since 23.1
   */
  public static void sort(long[] array) {
    checkNotNull(array);
    sort(array, 0, array.length);
  }

  /**
   * Sorts the array between {@code fromIndex} inclusive and {@code toIndex} exclusive, treating its
   * elements as unsigned 64-bit integers.
   *

package clause

// Select select attrs when querying, updating, creating
type Select struct {
	Distinct   bool
	Columns    []Column
	Expression Expression
}

func (s Select) Name() string {
	return "SELECT"
}

func (s Select) Build(builder Builder) {
	if len(s.Columns) > 0 {
		if s.Distinct {
			builder.WriteString("DISTINCT ")
		}

		for idx, column := range s.Columns {
			if idx > 0 {
				builder.WriteByte(',')

 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.admin.relatedcontent;

import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.admin.relatedcontent.CreateForm;

/**
 * Request body for creating related content via REST API.
 * Extends CreateForm to inherit validation and field definitions.
 */
public class CreateBody extends CreateForm {

    /**
     * Creates a new CreateBody instance.
     */

 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.admin.relatedquery;

import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.admin.relatedquery.CreateForm;

/**
 * Request body for creating related query via REST API.
 * Extends CreateForm to inherit validation and field definitions.
 */
public class CreateBody extends CreateForm {

    /**
     * Creates a new CreateBody instance.
     */

 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.admin.searchlist;

import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.admin.searchlist.CreateForm;

/**
 * Request body for creating search list via REST API.
 * Extends CreateForm to inherit validation and field definitions.
 */
public class CreateBody extends CreateForm {

    /**
     * Creates a new CreateBody instance.
     */

 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.admin.accesstoken;

import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.admin.accesstoken.CreateForm;

/**
 * Request body for creating access token via REST API.
 * Extends CreateForm to inherit validation and field definitions.
 */
public class CreateBody extends CreateForm {

    /**
     * Creates a new CreateBody instance.
     */