/// tip

尽可能选择使用 `Annotated` 的版本。

///

```Python hl_lines="10"
{!> ../../docs_src/path_params_numeric_validations/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

/// note

路径参数总是必需的，因为它必须是路径的一部分。

所以，你应该在声明时使用 `...` 将其标记为必需参数。

然而，即使你使用 `None` 声明路径参数或设置一个其他默认值也不会有任何影响，它依然会是必需参数。

///

## 按需对参数排序

假设你想要声明一个必需的 `str` 类型查询参数 `q`。

<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>:     Waiting for application startup.
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>:     Application startup complete.
```

</div>

/// note | "Not"

`uvicorn main:app` komutunu şu şekilde açıklayabiliriz:

* `main`: dosya olan `main.py` (yani Python "modülü").

   * }
   * ```
   *
   * The caller may read the response body with the response's [Response.body] method. To avoid
   * leaking resources callers must [close the response body][ResponseBody] or the response.
   *
   * Note that transport-layer success (receiving a HTTP response code, headers and body) does not
   * necessarily indicate application-layer success: `response` may still indicate an unhappy HTTP
   * response code like 404 or 500.
   *

   * the {@link Multimap} interface.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  List<V> replaceValues(@ParametricNullness K key, Iterable<? extends V> values);

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> The returned map's values are guaranteed to be of type {@link List}. To obtain
   * this map with the more specific generic type {@code Map<K, List<V>>}, call {@link
   * Multimaps#asMap(ListMultimap)} instead.
   */

`StaticFiles` を使用して、ディレクトリから静的ファイルを自動的に提供できます。

## `StaticFiles` の使用

* `StaticFiles` をインポート。
* `StaticFiles()` インスタンスを生成し、特定のパスに「マウント」。

```Python hl_lines="2  6"
{!../../docs_src/static_files/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note | "技術詳細"

`from starlette.staticfiles import StaticFiles` も使用できます。

**FastAPI**は、開発者の利便性のために、`starlette.staticfiles` と同じ `fastapi.staticfiles` を提供します。しかし、実際にはStarletteから直接渡されています。

///

### 「マウント」とは

/// info | "Informação"

O objeto `app.webhooks` é na verdade apenas um `APIRouter`, o mesmo tipo que você utilizaria ao estruturar a sua aplicação com diversos arquivos.

///

Para esses casos, você pode usar o `jsonable_encoder` para converter seus dados antes de repassá-los para a resposta:

```Python hl_lines="6-7  21-22"
{!../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Você também pode utilizar `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

   * the {@link Multimap} interface.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  List<V> replaceValues(@ParametricNullness K key, Iterable<? extends V> values);

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> The returned map's values are guaranteed to be of type {@link List}. To obtain
   * this map with the more specific generic type {@code Map<K, List<V>>}, call {@link
   * Multimaps#asMap(ListMultimap)} instead.
   */

   * {@link Predicate} that it considers <i>interchangeable</i> with this one. "Interchangeable"
   * <i>typically</i> means that {@code this.apply(t) == that.apply(t)} for all {@code t} of type
   * {@code T}). Note that a {@code false} result from this method does not imply that the
   * predicates are known <i>not</i> to be interchangeable.
   */
  @Override
  boolean equals(@CheckForNull Object object);

  @Override

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *