You can declare a `response_model`, using the default status code `200` (or a custom one if you need), and then declare additional information for that same response in `responses`, directly in the OpenAPI schema.

**FastAPI** will keep the additional information from `responses`, and combine it with the JSON Schema from your model.

          call: Call,
          response: Response,
        ) {
          responses.offer(response.body.string())
        }
      }

    // Make the first request waiting until we get our auth challenge.
    val request = Request(server.url("/"))
    blockingAuthClient.newCall(request).enqueue(callback)
    val response1 = responses.take()
    assertThat(response1).isEqualTo("")

!!! note "Technische Details"
    Sie können auch `from starlette.responses import Response` oder `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse` verwenden.

    **FastAPI** bietet dieselben `starlette.responses` auch via `fastapi.responses` an, als Annehmlichkeit für Sie, den Entwickler. Die meisten verfügbaren Responses kommen aber direkt von Starlette.

### More info

!!! note "Technical Details"
    You could also use `from starlette.responses import Response` or `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

    **FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

{!../../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! note "Technische Details"
    Sie können auch `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse` verwenden.

    **FastAPI** bietet dieselben `starlette.responses` auch via `fastapi.responses` an, als Annehmlichkeit für Sie, den Entwickler. Die meisten verfügbaren Responses kommen aber direkt von Starlette.

## Eine benutzerdefinierte `Response` zurückgeben

## 🌀 ℹ

👆 💪 🌀 📨 ℹ ⚪️➡️ 💗 🥉, 🔌 `response_model`, `status_code`, & `responses` 🔢.

👆 💪 📣 `response_model`, ⚙️ 🔢 👔 📟 `200` (⚖️ 🛃 1️⃣ 🚥 👆 💪), & ⤴️ 📣 🌖 ℹ 👈 🎏 📨 `responses`, 🔗 🗄 🔗.

**FastAPI** 🔜 🚧 🌖 ℹ ⚪️➡️ `responses`, & 🌀 ⚫️ ⏮️ 🎻 🔗 ⚪️➡️ 👆 🏷.

🖼, 👆 💪 📣 📨 ⏮️ 👔 📟 `404` 👈 ⚙️ Pydantic 🏷 & ✔️ 🛃 `description`.

你也可以在直接返回`Response`时添加头部。

按照[直接返回响应](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}中所述创建响应，并将头部作为附加参数传递：
```Python hl_lines="10-12"
{!../../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial001.py!}
```


!!! note "技术细节"
    你也可以使用`from starlette.responses import Response`或`from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`。

    **FastAPI**提供了与`fastapi.responses`相同的`starlette.responses`，只是为了方便开发者。但是，大多数可用的响应都直接来自Starlette。

    **FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

### `Response`

The main `Response` class, all the other responses inherit from it.

You can return it directly.

It accepts the following parameters:

* `content` - A `str` or `bytes`.
* `status_code` - An `int` HTTP status code.

```Python hl_lines="10-12"
{!../../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! note "Technical Details"
    You could also use `from starlette.responses import Response` or `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

## 直接响应 `Response`

你还可以在直接响应`Response`时直接创建cookies。

你可以参考[Return a Response Directly](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}来创建response

然后设置Cookies，并返回：

```Python hl_lines="10-12"
{!../../../docs_src/response_cookies/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! tip
    需要注意，如果你直接反馈一个response对象，而不是使用`Response`入参，FastAPI则会直接反馈你封装的response对象。

    所以你需要确保你响应数据类型的正确性，如：你可以使用`JSONResponse`来兼容JSON的场景。