* @param mask the alignment mask (typically 2, 4, or 8)
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    public void align(final int mask) throws IOException {
        final int position = this.size - this.dis.available();
        final int shift = position & mask - 1;
        if (mask != 0 && shift != 0) {
            this.dis.skip(mask - shift);
        }
    }

    /**

    in 'a'..'f' -> this - 'a' + 10
    in 'A'..'F' -> this - 'A' + 10
    else -> -1
  }

internal infix fun Byte.and(mask: Int): Int = toInt() and mask

internal infix fun Short.and(mask: Int): Int = toInt() and mask

internal infix fun Int.and(mask: Long): Long = toLong() and mask

@Throws(IOException::class)
internal fun BufferedSink.writeMedium(medium: Int) {
  writeByte(medium.ushr(16) and 0xff)

        testBuffer[2] = 0x20; // Size low byte (32)
        testBuffer[3] = 0x00; // Size high byte
        testBuffer[4] = (byte) 0xA9; // Access mask byte 0
        testBuffer[5] = 0x00; // Access mask byte 1
        testBuffer[6] = 0x12; // Access mask byte 2
        testBuffer[7] = 0x00; // Access mask byte 3

        // Add minimal SID data (S-1-1-0 - Everyone)
        testBuffer[8] = 0x01; // Revision

	"path"
	"syscall"
	"testing"
)

// Based on `man getumask` a vaporware GNU extension to glibc.
// returns file mode creation mask.
func getUmask() int {
	mask := syscall.Umask(0)
	syscall.Umask(mask)
	return mask
}

// Tests if the directory and file creations happen with proper umask.
func TestIsValidUmaskVol(t *testing.T) {
	tmpPath := t.TempDir()
	testCases := []struct {
		volName       string
		expectedUmask int

	// AVX2GATHER mask/index/dest #UD cases.
	VPGATHERQQ Y2, (BP)(X2*2), Y2   // ERROR "mask, index, and destination registers should be distinct"
	VPGATHERQQ Y2, (BP)(X2*2), Y7   // ERROR "mask, index, and destination registers should be distinct"
	VPGATHERQQ Y2, (BP)(X7*2), Y2   // ERROR "mask, index, and destination registers should be distinct"

      V value = entry.getValue();
      checkEntryNotNull(key, value);
      int keyHash = key.hashCode();
      int valueHash = value.hashCode();
      int keyBucket = Hashing.smear(keyHash) & mask;
      int valueBucket = Hashing.smear(valueHash) & mask;

      ImmutableMapEntry<K, V> nextInKeyBucket = keyTable[keyBucket];
      ImmutableMapEntry<K, V> nextInValueBucket = valueTable[valueBucket];
      try {

  // 'and' with an int to get a valid table index.
  private final transient int mask;

  RegularImmutableSet(Object[] elements, int hashCode, @Nullable Object[] table, int mask) {
    this.elements = elements;
    this.hashCode = hashCode;
    this.table = table;
    this.mask = mask;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean contains(@Nullable Object target) {
    @Nullable Object[] table = this.table;

 * and access mask of each ACE. If the SID matches, the allow/deny flags
 * and access mask are considered. If the ACE is a "deny"
 * ACE and <i>any</i> of the desired access bits match bits in the access
 * mask of the ACE, the whole access check fails. If the ACE is an "allow"
 * ACE and <i>all</i> of the bits in the desired access bits match bits in
 * the access mask of the ACE, the access check is successful. Otherwise,

 * and access mask of each ACE. If the SID matches, the allow/deny flags
 * and access mask are considered. If the ACE is a "deny"
 * ACE and <i>any</i> of the desired access bits match bits in the access
 * mask of the ACE, the whole access check fails. If the ACE is an "allow"
 * ACE and <i>all</i> of the bits in the desired access bits match bits in
 * the access mask of the ACE, the access check is successful. Otherwise,

	S3                Metadata          `json:"s3"`
	Source            Source            `json:"source"`
	Type              madmin.TraceType  `json:"-"`
}

// Mask returns the type as mask.
func (e Event) Mask() uint64 {
	return e.EventName.Mask()
}

// Log represents event information for some event targets.
type Log struct {
	EventName Name
	Key       string
	Records   []Event