return total;
  }

  /**
   * Discards {@code n} characters of data from the reader. This method will block until the full
   * amount has been skipped. Does not close the reader.
   *
   * @param reader the reader to read from
   * @param n the number of characters to skip
   * @throws EOFException if this stream reaches the end before skipping all the characters
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
   */

  }

  /**
   * Parses a trie node and returns the number of characters consumed.
   *
   * @param stack The prefixes that precede the characters represented by this node. Each entry of
   *     the stack is in reverse order.
   * @param encoded The serialized trie.
   * @param start An index in the encoded serialized trie to begin reading characters from.
   * @param builder A map builder to which all entries will be added.

   * <p>Note however that if your escaper does not escape characters in the supplementary range, you
   * should either continue to validate the correctness of any surrogate characters encountered or
   * provide a clear warning to users that your escaper does not validate its input.
   *
   * <p>See {@link com.google.common.net.PercentEscaper} for an example.
   *
   * @param csq a sequence of characters

 * href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#BMP_character">BMP characters</a>. It does not understand
 * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#supplementary_code_point">supplementary Unicode code
 * points</a> in the range {@code 0x10000} to {@code 0x10FFFF} which includes the majority of
 * assigned characters, including important CJK characters and emoji.
 *
 * <p>Supplementary characters are <a

   *
   * @param replacementMap a map of characters to their escaped representations
   * @param safeMin the lowest character value in the safe range
   * @param safeMax the highest character value in the safe range
   * @param unsafeReplacement the default replacement for unsafe characters or null if no default
   *     replacement is required
   */
  protected ArrayBasedUnicodeEscaper(

  static final String URL_FORM_PARAMETER_OTHER_SAFE_CHARS = "-_.*";

  static final String URL_PATH_OTHER_SAFE_CHARS_LACKING_PLUS =
      "-._~" // Unreserved characters.
          + "!$'()*,;&=" // The subdelim characters (excluding '+').
          + "@:"; // The gendelim characters permitted in paths.

  /**
   * Returns an {@link Escaper} instance that escapes strings so they can be safely included in <a

    // which means they are treated as pairs of safe characters).
    builder.setSafeRange(Character.MIN_VALUE, '\uFFFD');
    // Unsafe characters are replaced with the Unicode replacement character.
    builder.setUnsafeReplacement("\uFFFD");

    /*
     * Except for \n, \t, and \r, all ASCII control characters are replaced with the Unicode
     * replacement character.
     *

 *   <li>{@link StandardCharsets#US_ASCII} specifies the {@code Charset} of ASCII characters.
 *   <li>{@link CharMatcher#ascii} matches ASCII characters and provides text processing methods
 *       which operate only on the ASCII characters of a string.
 * </ul>
 *
 * @author Catherine Berry
 * @author Gregory Kick
 * @since 7.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public final class Ascii {

  }

  public void testBuilderInitialStateNoReplacement() {
    // Unsafe characters aren't modified by default (unsafeReplacement == null).
    Escaper escaper = Escapers.builder().setSafeRange('a', 'z').build();
    assertEquals("The Quick Brown Fox", escaper.escape("The Quick Brown Fox"));
  }

  public void testBuilderInitialStateNoneUnsafe() {
    // No characters are unsafe by default (safeMin == 0, safeMax == 0xFFFF).

   * generalized escaping for characters.
   *
   * <p>Note that arrays returned by this method must not be modified once they have been returned.
   * However it is acceptable to return the same array multiple times (even for different input
   * characters).
   *
   * @param c the character to escape
   * @return the replacement characters, or {@code null} if no escaping was required
   */