## Attribution

/// note | 技術詳細

`from starlette.websockets import WebSocket` を使用しても構いません.

**FastAPI** は開発者の利便性のために、同じ `WebSocket` を提供します。しかし、こちらはStarletteから直接提供されるものです。

///

## メッセージの送受信

WebSocketルートでは、 `await` を使ってメッセージの送受信ができます。

{* ../../docs_src/websockets/tutorial001.py hl[48:52] *}

バイナリやテキストデータ、JSONデータを送受信できます。

## 試してみる

ファイル名が `main.py` である場合、以下の方法でアプリケーションを実行します。

<div class="termy">

```console

   *
   * @param reference any array of the desired type
   * @param length the length of the new array
   */
  /*
   * The new array contains nulls, even if the old array did not. If we wanted to be accurate, we
   * would declare a return type of `@Nullable T[]`. However, we've decided not to think too hard
   * about arrays for now, as they're a mess. (We previously discussed this in the review of

## Design { #design }

Then I spent some time designing the developer "API" I wanted to have as a user (as a developer using FastAPI).

I tested several ideas in the most popular Python editors: PyCharm, VS Code, Jedi based editors.

En este caso, la función de tarea escribirá en un archivo (simulando el envío de un email).

Y como la operación de escritura no usa `async` y `await`, definimos la función con un `def` normal:

{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001_py39.py hl[6:9] *}

## Agregar la tarea en segundo plano { #add-the-background-task }

      Future<?> possiblyIgnoredError = executorService.submit(executeTask);
      returnValue += (int) listenerLatch.getCount();
      listenerLatch.await();
    }
    return returnValue;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int executeThenAdd_multiThreaded(int reps) throws InterruptedException {
    Runnable addTask =
        new Runnable() {
          @Override

        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            final int index = i;
            new Thread(() -> {
                try {
                    startLatch.await();

                    if (index % 3 == 0) {
                        // Some threads wipe password
                        auth.secureWipePassword();
                    } else if (index % 3 == 1) {

                        }
                    }
                } finally {
                    latch.countDown();
                }
            });
        }

        // Then
        assertTrue(latch.await(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS), "All threads should complete");
        executor.shutdown();
        assertEquals(0, collisions.get(), "There should be no nonce collisions");

...but continue reading below to see how to overcome that.

## Return Type and Data Filtering { #return-type-and-data-filtering }

Let's continue from the previous example. We wanted to **annotate the function with one type**, but we wanted to be able to return from the function something that actually includes **more data**.

  override fun ensureLoaded() {
    if (!listRead.get() && listRead.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
      readTheListUninterruptibly()
    } else {
      try {
        readCompleteLatch.await()
      } catch (_: InterruptedException) {
        Thread.currentThread().interrupt() // Retain interrupted status.
      }
    }

    if (!::bytes.isInitialized) {
      // May have failed with an IOException