### Recap

In summary, you declare **once** the types of parameters, body, etc. as function parameters.

You do that with standard modern Python types.

You don't have to learn a new syntax, the methods or classes of a specific library, etc.

Just standard **Python**.

For example, for an `int`:

```Python
item_id: int
```

or for a more complex `Item` model:

```Python
item: Item

        implements Invoker<R> {

    /**
     * Exception for intentional exit: No message or anything will be displayed, just the
     * carried exit code will be returned from {@link #invoke(InvokerRequest)} method.
     */
    public static final class ExitException extends InvokerException {
        private final int exitCode;

        public ExitException(int exitCode) {
            super("EXIT");

pkg bufio, method (*Reader) WriteTo(io.Writer) (int64, error)
pkg bufio, method (*Scanner) Bytes() []uint8
pkg bufio, method (*Scanner) Err() error
pkg bufio, method (*Scanner) Scan() bool
pkg bufio, method (*Scanner) Split(SplitFunc)
pkg bufio, method (*Scanner) Text() string
pkg bufio, method (*Writer) ReadFrom(io.Reader) (int64, error)
pkg bufio, method (ReadWriter) ReadFrom(io.Reader) (int64, error)

      // before the cancelled future completes, it will synchronously complete both the newFuture
      // from the cancelled operation and its own. This can cause one runnable to queue two tasks,
      // breaking the invariant this method relies on to iteratively run the next task after the
      // previous one completes.
      if (get() == RunningState.CANCELLED) {
        delegate = null;
        sequencer = null;
        return;
      }

    url =
      server.url(
        """/api/login?
      |user=test_user&
      |authentication=basic&
      |password=confidential_password&
      |authentication=rather simple login method
        """.trimMargin(),
      )
    val networkInterceptor =
      HttpLoggingInterceptor(networkLogs).setLevel(
        Level.BASIC,
      )
    networkInterceptor.redactQueryParams("user", "passWord")

ptor(Object, String); public final Object getObject(); public final reflect.Method getCreateMethod(String); public final reflect.Method getAddMethod(String); public final reflect.Method getAddConfiguredMeth(String); public final reflect.Method getAddMethod(Class); public final reflect.Method getAddConfiguredMeth(Class); private static reflect.Method getTypeMatchingMetho(Class, java.util.Map); public final reflect.Method getSetMethod(String); public final String getObjectName(); } org/apache/ivy/...

   * the key is moved, deleted, or reinserted, it will account for that -- while not doing any extra
   * work if the key has not moved. One quirk: The {@link #getValue()} method can return {@code
   * null} even for a map which supposedly does not contain null elements, if the key is not present
   * when {@code getValue()} is called.
   */
  final class EntryForKey extends AbstractMapEntry<K, V> {

	}

	// Query string.
	queryStr := req.Form.Encode()

	// Get canonical request.
	canonicalRequest := getCanonicalRequest(extractedSignedHeaders, payload, queryStr, req.URL.Path, req.Method)

	// Get string to sign from canonical request.
	stringToSign := getStringToSign(canonicalRequest, date, signV4Values.Credential.getScope())

	// Get hmac signing key.

এটি একটি খুব সাধারণ প্রোগ্রাম।

কিন্তু এখন কল্পনা করুন যে আপনি এটি শুরু থেকে লিখছিলেন।

এক পর্যায়ে আপনি ফাংশনের সংজ্ঞা শুরু করেছিলেন, আপনার প্যারামিটারগুলি প্রস্তুত ছিল...

কিন্তু তারপর আপনাকে "সেই method কল করতে হবে যা প্রথম অক্ষরকে বড় হাতের অক্ষরে রূপান্তর করে"।

এটা কি `upper` ছিল? নাকি `uppercase`? `first_uppercase`? `capitalize`?

তারপর, আপনি পুরোনো প্রোগ্রামারের বন্ধু, এডিটর অটোকমপ্লিশনের সাহায্যে নেওয়ার চেষ্টা করেন।

		})
	})
	assertEqualSQL(t, `SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY id DESC`, sql)
}

// assertEqualSQL for assert that the sql is equal, this method will ignore quote, and dialect specials.
func assertEqualSQL(t *testing.T, expected string, actually string) {
	t.Helper()

	// replace SQL quote, convert into postgresql like ""
	expected = replaceQuoteInSQL(expected)