{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip | "Dica"

Observe que as funções de teste são `def` normais, não `async def`.

E as chamadas para o cliente também são chamadas normais, não usando `await`.

Isso permite que você use `pytest` diretamente sem complicações.

///

/// note | "Detalhes técnicos"

Você também pode usar `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>অথবা ব্যবহার করুন <code>async def</code>...</summary>

যদি আপনার কোড `async` / `await`, ব্যবহার করে তাহলে `async def` ব্যবহার করুন:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():

def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Vagy használd az <code>async def</code>-et...</summary>

Ha a kódod `async` / `await`-et, használ `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():

def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Ou use <code>async def</code>...</summary>

Se seu código utiliza `async` / `await`, use `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}

def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>O usa <code>async def</code>...</summary>

Si tu código usa `async` / `await`, usa `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="7  12"
from fastapi import FastAPI
from typing import Union

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}

{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip | "Tipp"

Beachten Sie, dass die Testfunktionen normal `def` und nicht `async def` sind.

Und die Anrufe an den Client sind ebenfalls normale Anrufe, die nicht `await` verwenden.

Dadurch können Sie `pytest` ohne Komplikationen direkt nutzen.

///

/// note | "Technische Details"

Sie könnten auch `from starlette.testclient import TestClient` verwenden.

{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip | "Подсказка"

Обратите внимание, что тестирующая функция является обычной `def`, а не асинхронной `async def`.

И вызов клиента также осуществляется без `await`.

Это позволяет вам использовать `pytest` без лишних усложнений.

///

/// note | "Технические детали"

Также можно написать `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

    // we really just want to wait for the thread to be in the failure callback so we wait for that
    // explicitly instead.
    failEnter.await();
    assertFalse("State should be updated before calling listeners", manager.isHealthy());
    // now we want to stop the services.
    Thread stoppingThread =
        new Thread() {
          @Override

    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Или используйте <code>async def</code>...</summary>

Если ваш код использует `async` / `await`, используйте `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():

///

## Veri Doğrulama

Eğer tarayıcınızda <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo</a> sayfasını açarsanız, şuna benzer güzel bir HTTP hatası ile karşılaşırsınız:

```JSON
{
  "detail": [
    {
      "type": "int_parsing",
      "loc": [
        "path",
        "item_id"
      ],