long afterBurst = measureTotalTimeMillis(limiter, oneSecWorthOfWork, new Random());
      // but work beyond that must take at least one second
      assertThat(afterBurst).isAtLeast(1000);
    }
  }

  /**
   * This neat test shows that no matter what weights we use in our requests, if we push X amount of
   * permits in a cool state, where X = rate * timeToCoolDown, and we have specified a

@GwtCompatible
final class SortedLists {
  private SortedLists() {}

  /**
   * A specification for which index to return if the list contains at least one element that
   * compares as equal to the key.
   */
  enum KeyPresentBehavior {
    /**
     * Return the index of any list element that compares as equal to the key. No guarantees are
     * made as to which index is returned, if more than one element compares as equal to the key.
     */

import okhttp3.Protocol;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;

/**
 * This prints events for a single in-flight call. It won't work for multiple concurrent calls
 * because we don't know what callStartNanos refers to.
 */
public final class PrintEventsNonConcurrent {
  private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
      .eventListener(new PrintingEventListener())
      .build();

  int joinerWithCharacterDelimiter(int reps) {
    int dummy = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      dummy ^= JOINER_ON_CHARACTER.join(components).length();
    }
    return dummy;
  }

  /**
   * Mimics what the {@link Joiner} class does internally when no extra options like ignoring {@code
   * null} values are used.
   */
  @Benchmark
  int joinerInlined(int reps) {
    int dummy = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {

 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *

 * domain-specific knowledge beyond what {@code HtmlEscapers} provides. We strongly encourage the
 * use of HTML templating systems.
 *
 * @author Sven Mawson
 * @author David Beaumont
 * @since 15.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class HtmlEscapers {
  /**
   * Returns an {@link Escaper} instance that escapes HTML metacharacters as specified by <a

### Required, can be `None` { #required-can-be-none }

You can declare that a parameter can accept `None`, but that it's still required. This would force clients to send a value, even if the value is `None`.

To do that, you can declare that `None` is a valid type but simply do not declare a default value:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial006c_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

        assertWithMessage("roundToDouble(%s, %s)", input, mode)
            .that(BigIntegerMath.roundToDouble(input, mode))
            .isEqualTo(expectation);
      }

      if (!expectedValues.containsKey(UNNECESSARY)) {
        assertWithMessage("Expected roundUnnecessaryShouldThrow call")
            .that(unnecessaryShouldThrow)
            .isTrue();
        assertThrows(

However, this does not fully remove the prerequisite, as the Wrapper itself would still need an installed Java runtime to execute.

Gradle needs a solution that covers the use-case of starting the Wrapper itself as well given its importance.

### Running Gradle on multiple Java versions

/**
 * A test factory for byte or char sources or sinks. In addition to creating sources or sinks, the
 * factory specifies what content should be expected to be read from a source or contained in a sink
 * given the content data that was used to create the source or that was written to the sink.
 *
 * <p>A single {@code SourceSinkFactory} implementation generally corresponds to one specific way of