import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict, IsOneOf
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py39


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.security.tutorial005_an_py39 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def get_access_token(
    *, username="johndoe", password="secret", scope=None, client: TestClient
):

```

////

这意味着 **FastAPI** 将期望类似于以下内容的请求体：

```JSON
{
    "name": "Foo",
    "description": "The pretender",
    "price": 42.0,
    "tax": 3.2,
    "tags": ["rock", "metal", "bar"],
    "image": {
        "url": "http://example.com/baz.jpg",
        "name": "The Foo live"
    }
}
```

再一次，仅仅进行这样的声明，你将通过 **FastAPI** 获得：

* 对被嵌入的模型也适用的编辑器支持（自动补全等）
* 数据转换

Se algo parecer interessante e útil para o seu projeto, vá em frente e dê uma olhada. Caso contrário, você pode simplesmente ignorá-lo.

/// tip

Se você deseja **aprender FastAPI** de forma estruturada (recomendado), leia capítulo por capítulo [Tutorial - Guia de Usuário](../tutorial/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank} em vez disso.

Ähnlich wie Sie [`dependencies` zu den *Pfadoperation-Dekoratoren* hinzufügen](dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank} können, können Sie sie auch zur `FastAPI`-Anwendung hinzufügen.

In diesem Fall werden sie auf alle *Pfadoperationen* in der Anwendung angewendet:

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="16"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial012_an_py39.py!}
```

from typing import List, Union

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIError, ResponseValidationError
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, Response
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel


class BaseUser(BaseModel):
    name: str


class User(BaseUser):
    surname: str


class DBUser(User):
    password_hash: str

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!../../docs_src/header_params/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note | "기술 세부사항"

`Header`는 `Path`, `Query` 및 `Cookie`의 "자매"클래스입니다. 이 역시 동일한 공통 `Param` 클래스를 상속합니다.

`Query`, `Path`, `Header` 그리고 다른 것들을 `fastapi`에서 임포트 할 때, 이들은 실제로 특별한 클래스를 반환하는 함수임을 기억하세요.

///

/// info | "정보"

헤더를 선언하기 위해서 `Header`를 사용해야 합니다. 그렇지 않으면 해당 매개변수를 쿼리 매개변수로 해석하기 때문입니다.

///

## 자동 변환

from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException

from ..dependencies import get_token_header

router = APIRouter(
    prefix="/items",
    tags=["items"],
    dependencies=[Depends(get_token_header)],
    responses={404: {"description": "Not found"}},
)


fake_items_db = {"plumbus": {"name": "Plumbus"}, "gun": {"name": "Portal Gun"}}


@router.get("/")
async def read_items():
    return fake_items_db

import os
import shutil

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


def test_main():
    if os.path.isdir("./static"):  # pragma: nocover
        shutil.rmtree("./static")
    if os.path.isdir("./templates"):  # pragma: nocover
        shutil.rmtree("./templates")
    shutil.copytree("./docs_src/templates/templates/", "./templates")
    shutil.copytree("./docs_src/templates/static/", "./static")
    from docs_src.templates.tutorial001 import app

program/HTTP server** running on the server (the machine, host, etc.) and **managing all the HTTPS parts**: receiving the **encrypted HTTPS requests**, sending the **decrypted HTTP requests** to the actual HTTP application running in the same server (the **FastAPI** application, in this case), take the **HTTP response** from the application, **encrypt it** using the appropriate **HTTPS certificate** and sending it back to the client using **HTTPS**. This server is often called a **<a href="https://en.wikip...

Y si declaraste un `response_model`, aún se usará para filtrar y convertir el objeto que retornaste.

**FastAPI** usará esa respuesta *temporal* para extraer el código de estado (también cookies y headers), y los pondrá en la respuesta final que contiene el valor que retornaste, filtrado por cualquier `response_model`.