import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Implementation of {@code Futures#withTimeout}.
 *
 * <p>Future that delegates to another but will finish early (via a {@link TimeoutException} wrapped
 * in an {@link ExecutionException}) if the specified duration expires. The delegate future is
 * interrupted and cancelled if it times out.
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

프로덕션 환경에서는 `fastapi run` 명령어를 사용합니다. 🚀

내부적으로, **FastAPI CLI**는 고성능의, 프로덕션에 적합한, ASGI 서버인 <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>을 사용합니다. 😎

## `fastapi dev`

`fastapi dev` 명령을 실행하면 개발 모드가 시작됩니다.

## Global view

First, let's quickly see the parts that change from the examples in the main **Tutorial - User Guide** for [OAuth2 with Password (and hashing), Bearer with JWT tokens](../../tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md){.internal-link target=_blank}. Now using OAuth2 scopes:

{* ../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py hl[5,9,13,47,65,106,108:116,122:125,129:135,140,156] *}

Now let's review those changes step by step.

## OAuth2 Security scheme

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

/**
 * Implementation helper for {@link TestMapGenerator} for use with maps of strings.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 * @author Jared Levy
 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.CollectionSize;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code addAll(Collection)} operations on a list. Can't be
 * invoked directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.ListTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore // Affects only Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.

import com.google.caliper.Benchmark;
import com.google.caliper.Param;
import com.google.caliper.api.SkipThisScenarioException;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Quick and dirty benchmark of {@link Throwables#lazyStackTrace(Throwable)}. We benchmark a "caller
 * finder" implementation that might be used in a logging framework.
 */
public class LazyStackTraceBenchmark {
  @Param({"20", "200", "2000"})
  int stackDepth;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.escape.UnicodeEscaper;
import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * Tests for the {@link UrlEscapers} class.
 *
 * @author David Beaumont
 */
@GwtCompatible
public class UrlEscapersTest extends TestCase {
  public void testUrlFormParameterEscaper() {

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/** Implementation of an {@link Optional} containing a reference. */
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
final class Present<T> extends Optional<T> {
  private final T reference;

  Present(T reference) {
    this.reference = reference;

import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Implementation of {@link ImmutableSet} with exactly one element.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Nick Kralevich
 */
@GwtCompatible(serializable = true, emulated = true)

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * An implementation of {@link ImmutableTable} that holds a single cell.
 *
 * @author Gregory Kick
 */
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
class SingletonImmutableTable<R, C, V> extends ImmutableTable<R, C, V> {
  final R singleRowKey;