assertThat(cache.size()).isEqualTo(1);
    assertThat(cache.getUnchecked("b")).isEqualTo("b");
  }

  // "Basher tests", where we throw a bunch of stuff at a LoadingCache and check basic invariants.

  /**
   * This is a less carefully-controlled version of {@link #testRemovalNotification_clear} - this is
   * a black-box test that tries to create lots of different thread-interleavings, and asserts that

Por exemplo, para declarar um parâmetro de consulta `q` que pode aparecer várias vezes na URL, você pode escrever:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial011_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

Então, com uma URL como:

```
http://localhost:8000/items/?q=foo&q=bar
```

### Filtrado de Datos en FastAPI { #fastapi-data-filtering }

Ahora, para FastAPI, verá el tipo de retorno y se asegurará de que lo que devuelves incluya **solo** los campos que están declarados en el tipo.

FastAPI realiza varias cosas internamente con Pydantic para asegurarse de que esas mismas reglas de herencia de clases no se utilicen para el filtrado de datos devueltos, de lo contrario, podrías terminar devolviendo muchos más datos de los que esperabas.

    assertIntact(q);
    assertThat(result).containsExactly(1, 15, 13, 8, 14);
  }

  /**
   * This tests a special case of the removeAt() call. Moving an element sideways on the heap could
   * break the invariants. Sometimes we need to bubble an element up instead of trickling down. See
   * implementation.
   */
  public void testInvalidatingRemove() {
    MinMaxPriorityQueue<Integer> mmHeap = MinMaxPriorityQueue.create();

   * consistency, and because the return type conveys the immutability guarantee.
   *
   * <p><b>Performance note:</b> the instance returned is a singleton.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked"}) // fully variant implementation (never actually produces any Es)
  public static <E> ImmutableSet<E> of() {
    return (ImmutableSet<E>) RegularImmutableSet.EMPTY;
  }

  /**

Por ejemplo, para declarar un parámetro de query `q` que puede aparecer varias veces en la URL, puedes escribir:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial011_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

Entonces, con una URL como:

```
http://localhost:8000/items/?q=foo&q=bar
```

programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of
free software.  For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in
non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU
operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating
system.

  Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the
users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is

---

**Hinweis**: Sie können `def` und `async def` in Ihren *Pfadoperation-Funktionen* beliebig mischen, so wie Sie es benötigen, und jede einzelne Funktion in der für Sie besten Variante erstellen. FastAPI wird damit das Richtige tun.

Wie dem auch sei, in jedem der oben genannten Fälle wird FastAPI immer noch asynchron arbeiten und extrem schnell sein.

    assertIntact(q);
    assertThat(result).containsExactly(1, 15, 13, 8, 14);
  }

  /**
   * This tests a special case of the removeAt() call. Moving an element sideways on the heap could
   * break the invariants. Sometimes we need to bubble an element up instead of trickling down. See
   * implementation.
   */
  public void testInvalidatingRemove() {
    MinMaxPriorityQueue<Integer> mmHeap = MinMaxPriorityQueue.create();

    boolean longWait = NANOSECONDS.toSeconds(thread.timeSpentBlocked) >= 5;
    // Count how long it actually took to return; we'll accept any number between the expected delay
    // and the approximate actual delay, to be robust to variance in thread scheduling.
    char overWaitNanosFirstDigit =
        Long.toString(thread.timeSpentBlocked - MILLISECONDS.toNanos(longWait ? 5000 : 3000))
            .charAt(0);
    if (overWaitNanosFirstDigit < '4') {