assertEquals(1, (int) iter.peek());
    assertEquals(1, (int) iter.next());

    /*
     * We test peek() after various calls to make sure that one bad call doesn't interfere with its
     * ability to throw the correct exception in the future.
     */
    assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, iter::peek);
    assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, iter::peek);

    assertEquals(1, (int) iter.peek());
    assertEquals(1, (int) iter.next());

    /*
     * We test peek() after various calls to make sure that one bad call doesn't interfere with its
     * ability to throw the correct exception in the future.
     */
    assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, iter::peek);
    assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, iter::peek);

    combination with its Contributor Version (or portions of such
    combination), to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, and/or
    otherwise dispose of: (1) Modifications made by that Contributor (or
    portions thereof); and (2) the combination of Modifications made by
    that Contributor with its Contributor Version (or portions of such
    combination).

# Dependencies - `Depends()` and `Security()`

## `Depends()`

Dependencies are handled mainly with the special function `Depends()` that takes a callable.

Here is the reference for it and its parameters.

You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Depends
```

::: fastapi.Depends

## `Security()`

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Constants: values match Windows error codes")
    void constants_have_expected_values() {
        // Ensure each public constant has its documented numeric value (happy path)
        assertAll(() -> assertEquals(0, WinError.ERROR_SUCCESS), () -> assertEquals(5, WinError.ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED),

  + Check for unnecessary whitespace with `git diff --check` before committing.
+ Make sure you have added the necessary tests (JUnit/[Core IT tests][core-it]) for your changes.
+ Run all the tests with `mvn -Prun-its verify` to assure nothing else was accidentally broken.
+ Submit a pull request to the repository in the Apache organization.

If you plan to contribute on a regular basis, please consider filing a [contributor license agreement][cla].

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A utility for testing an Iterator implementation by comparing its behavior to that of a "known
 * good" reference implementation. In order to accomplish this, it's important to test a great
 * variety of sequences of the {@link Iterator#next}, {@link Iterator#hasNext} and {@link

@NullMarked
public final class SerializableTester {
  private SerializableTester() {}

  /**
   * Serializes and deserializes the specified object.
   *
   * <p><b>GWT warning:</b> Under GWT, this method simply returns its input, as proper GWT
   * serialization tests require more setup. This no-op behavior allows test authors to intersperse
   * {@code SerializableTester} calls with other, GWT-compatible tests.
   *

   * Future} may have previously been set asynchronously, in which case its result may not be known
   * yet. That result, though not yet known, cannot be overridden by a call to a {@code set*}
   * method, only by a call to {@link #cancel}.
   *
   * <p>Beware of completing a future while holding a lock. Its listeners may do slow work or
   * acquire other locks, risking deadlocks.
   *

   * support concurrent multisets whose content may change while the method is running.
   *
   * <p>The serialized output consists of the number of distinct elements, the first element, its
   * count, the second element, its count, and so on.
   */
  static <E extends @Nullable Object> void writeMultiset(
      Multiset<E> multiset, ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOException {
    int entryCount = multiset.entrySet().size();