import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * An extension of {@code DataOutput} for writing to in-memory byte arrays; its methods offer
 * identical functionality but do not throw {@link IOException}.
 *
 * @author Jayaprabhakar Kadarkarai
 * @since 1.0
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public interface ByteArrayDataOutput extends DataOutput {
  @Override

import java.util.Iterator;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code removeAll} operations on a collection. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.CollectionTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible

import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.ListFeature;
import java.util.List;
import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;

/**
 * Test suite covering {@link Bytes#asList(byte[])}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
public class ByteArrayAsListTest extends TestCase {

  private static List<Byte> asList(Byte[] values) {

import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.ListFeature;
import java.util.List;
import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;

/**
 * Test suite covering {@link Longs#asList(long[])}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
public class LongArrayAsListTest extends TestCase {

  private static List<Long> asList(Long[] values) {

/// warning

The current page still doesn't have a translation for this language.

But you can help translating it: [Contributing](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/contributing/){.internal-link target=_blank}.

```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

/// note | "笔记"

更多细节详见 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette 官档 - 测试 WebSockets</a>。

 * with {@link #where} and types are resolved using {@link #resolveType}.
 *
 * <p>Note that usually type mappings are already implied by the static type hierarchy (for example,
 * the {@code E} type variable declared by class {@code List} naturally maps to {@code String} in
 * the context of {@code class MyStringList implements List<String>}). In such case, prefer to use

////

/// info | Informação

Para saber mais sobre o <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic, verifique a sua documentação</a>.

///

O **FastAPI** é todo baseado em Pydantic.

Você verá muito mais disso na prática no [Tutorial - Guia do usuário](tutorial/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

/// tip | Dica

Python'un önceki sürümlerinde, threadlerı veya <a href="https://www.gevent.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Gevent</a> kullanıyor olabilirdin. Ancak kodu anlamak, hata ayıklamak ve düşünmek çok daha karmaşık olurdu.

NodeJS / Browser JavaScript'in önceki sürümlerinde, "callback" kullanırdınız. Bu da <a href="http://callbackhell.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">callbacks cehennemine</a> yol açar.

## Coroutine'ler

```

////

/// info

To use `EmailStr`, first install <a href="https://github.com/JoshData/python-email-validator" class="external-link" target="_blank">`email-validator`</a>.

Make sure you create a [virtual environment](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, activate it, and then install it, for example:

```console
$ pip install email-validator
```

or with:

```console