```{ .dockerfile .annotate }
# (1)
FROM python:3.9 as requirements-stage

# (2)
WORKDIR /tmp

# (3)
RUN pip install poetry

# (4)
COPY ./pyproject.toml ./poetry.lock* /tmp/

# (5)
RUN poetry export -f requirements.txt --output requirements.txt --without-hashes

# (6)
FROM python:3.9

# (7)
WORKDIR /code

# (8)

  for actions against a CRI endpoint. The kubeadm deb/rpm packages will continue to install the `cri-tools`
  package for one more release, but in you must adapt your scripts to install `crictl` manually from
  https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases or a different location.
  
  The `kubeadm` package will stop depending on the `cri-tools` package in Kubernetes 1.32, which means that

pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, Noctty bool
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, Ptrace bool
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, Setctty bool
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, Setpgid bool
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, Setsid bool
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), type Timespec struct, Nsec int32

Diese Funktionen existieren (statt die Klassen direkt zu verwenden), damit Ihr Editor keine Fehlermeldungen über ihre Typen ausgibt.

Auf diese Weise können Sie Ihren Editor und Ihre Programmier-Tools verwenden, ohne besondere Einstellungen vornehmen zu müssen, um diese Fehlermeldungen stummzuschalten.

Aynı tip tanımlamalarını `str`, `float`, `bool` ve diğer karmaşık veri tipleri ile kullanma imkanınız vardır.

Bunlardan birkaçı, bu eğitimin ileriki bölümlerinde irdelenmiştir.

## Sıralama Önem Arz Eder

同样，还有很多兼容工具，包括多种语言的代码生成工具。

## Pydantic

FastAPI 充分地利用了 <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> 的优势，用它在后台校验数据。众所周知，Pydantic 擅长的就是数据校验。

同样，`str`、`float`、`bool` 以及很多复合数据类型都可以使用类型声明。

下一章介绍详细内容。

## 顺序很重要

有时，*路径操作*中的路径是写死的。

比如要使用 `/users/me` 获取当前用户的数据。

然后还要使用 `/users/{user_id}`，通过用户 ID 获取指定用户的数据。

But you are not restricted to using some specific data model, class or type.

Do you want to have an `id` and `email` and not have any `username` in your model? Sure. You can use these same tools.

Do you want to just have a `str`? Or just a `dict`? Or a database class model instance directly? It all works the same way.

	testCases := []struct {
		desc              string
		src               io.Reader
		size              int64
		actualSize        int64
		md5hex, sha256hex string
		success           bool
	}{
		{
			desc:       "Invalid md5sum NewReader() will fail.",
			src:        bytes.NewReader([]byte("abcd")),
			size:       4,
			actualSize: 4,
			md5hex:     "invalid-md5",
			success:    false,

// (possibly a character belonging to the line end) even if that byte is not
// part of the line returned by ReadLine.
func (b *Reader) ReadLine() (line []byte, isPrefix bool, err error) {
	line, err = b.ReadSlice('\n')
	if err == ErrBufferFull {
		// Handle the case where "\r\n" straddles the buffer.
		if len(line) > 0 && line[len(line)-1] == '\r' {

# Giới thiệu kiểu dữ liệu Python

Python hỗ trợ tùy chọn "type hints" (còn được gọi là "type annotations").

Những **"type hints"** hay chú thích là một cú pháp đặc biệt cho phép khai báo <abbr title="ví dụ: str, int, float, bool"> kiểu dữ liệu</abbr> của một biến.

Bằng việc khai báo kiểu dữ liệu cho các biến của bạn, các trình soạn thảo và các công cụ có thể hỗ trợ bạn tốt hơn.