/**
     * Gets the identifier of the project that could not be built. The general format of the identifier is {@code
     * <groupId>:<artifactId>:<version>} but some of these coordinates may still be unknown at the point the exception
     * is thrown so this information is merely meant to assist the user.
     *
     * @return the identifier of the project or an empty string if not known, never {@code null}
     */

 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *

      return false;
    }
    node = nodeIterator.next();
    successorIterator = graph.successors(node).iterator();
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * If the graph is directed, each ordered [source, target] pair will be visited once if there is
   * an edge connecting them.
   */
  private static final class Directed<N> extends EndpointPairIterator<N> {
    private Directed(BaseGraph<N> graph) {
      super(graph);
    }

    }

    /**
     * Creates the {@link ListenableFuture} which will return the result of running {@code combiner}
     * when all Futures complete. {@code combiner} will run using {@code executor}.
     *
     * <p>If the combiner throws a {@code CancellationException}, the returned future will be
     * cancelled.
     *
     * <p>Canceling this Future will attempt to cancel all the component futures.
     *
     * @since 23.6

{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[13,15,22,25] *}


In this example, the messages will be written to the `log.txt` file *after* the response is sent.

If there was a query in the request, it will be written to the log in a background task.

And then another background task generated at the *path operation function* will write a message using the `email` path parameter.

## Technical Details { #technical-details }

        CharMappingItem item = new CharMappingItem(1L, inputs, "output");

        // Initially not updated
        assertFalse(item.isUpdated());

        // Set only newInputs - still not updated
        item.setNewInputs(new String[] { "new" });
        assertFalse(item.isUpdated());

        // Set both newInputs and newOutput - now updated
        item.setNewOutput("newOutput");

 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *

Specifically, to see Uvicorn, Starlette and FastAPI compared together (among many other tools).

The simpler the problem solved by the tool, the better performance it will get. And most of the benchmarks don't test the additional features provided by the tool.

The hierarchy is like:

* **Uvicorn**: an ASGI server
    * **Starlette**: (uses Uvicorn) a web microframework

You don't want the original dependency to run (nor any of the sub-dependencies it might have).

Instead, you want to provide a different dependency that will be used only during tests (possibly only some specific tests), and will provide a value that can be used where the value of the original dependency was used.

### Use cases: external service { #use-cases-external-service }

By declaring a *path operation function* parameter with the type being the `Request` **FastAPI** will know to pass the `Request` in that parameter.

/// tip

Note that in this case, we are declaring a path parameter beside the request parameter.

So, the path parameter will be extracted, validated, converted to the specified type and annotated with OpenAPI.