StringBuilder sb1 = new StringBuilder("first");
        StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder("second");
        String result = StringUtil.join(",", sb1, sb2);
        assertEquals("first,second", result);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle StringBuffer as CharSequence")
    void testJoinWithStringBuffer() {
        StringBuffer sb1 = new StringBuffer("alpha");

    }

    public void test_getCacheKey_emptyArrays() {
        String seed = "test_seed";
        String[] tags = new String[0];
        String[] roles = new String[0];
        String[] fields = new String[0];
        String[] excludes = new String[0];

        String result = popularWordHelper.getCacheKey(seed, tags, roles, fields, excludes);

        assertNotNull(result);

    ImmutableList<Foo> instances =
        ImmutableList.of(
            new Foo("a", 1, TriState.TRUE),
            new Foo("a", 2, TriState.TRUE),
            new Foo("b", 1, TriState.FALSE),
            new Foo("b", 1, TriState.TRUE),
            new Foo("b", 1, null));
    for (Foo a : instances) {
      for (Foo b : instances) {

  public final Entry<String, String>[] createArray(int length) {
    return (Entry<String, String>[]) new Entry<?, ?>[length];
  }

  @Override
  public final String[] createKeyArray(int length) {
    return new String[length];
  }

  @Override
  public final String[] createValueArray(int length) {
    return new String[length];
  }

  /** Returns the original element list, unchanged. */
  @Override

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should create new connections when reuse conditions are not met")
    void testNoConnectionReuse() throws Exception {
        // Given: Create a new pool for this test to ensure isolation
        SmbTransportPoolImpl testPool = new SmbTransportPoolImpl();
        when(ctx.getTransportPool()).thenReturn(testPool);

        FileStandardInfo firstInstance = new FileStandardInfo();
        firstInstance.decode(originalBuffer, 0, originalBuffer.length);

        // Encode from first instance
        byte[] encodedBuffer = new byte[22];
        firstInstance.encode(encodedBuffer, 0);

        // Decode into second instance
        FileStandardInfo secondInstance = new FileStandardInfo();

    final List<Object> annotatedIn1Events = new ArrayList<>();
    final List<Object> annotatedIn1And2Events = new ArrayList<>();
    final List<Object> annotatedIn1And2AndClassEvents = new ArrayList<>();
    final List<Object> declaredIn1AnnotatedIn2Events = new ArrayList<>();
    final List<Object> declaredIn1AnnotatedInClassEvents = new ArrayList<>();
    final List<Object> declaredIn2AnnotatedInClassEvents = new ArrayList<>();

        // Given
        MsrpcDfsRootEnum dfsRootEnum = new MsrpcDfsRootEnum("test-server");
        DfsEnumArray200 dfsEnumArray = new DfsEnumArray200();
        dfsEnumArray.count = 2;
        dfsEnumArray.s = new DfsInfo200[2];
        dfsEnumArray.s[0] = new DfsInfo200();
        dfsEnumArray.s[0].dfs_name = "\\domain\share1";
        dfsEnumArray.s[1] = new DfsInfo200();
        dfsEnumArray.s[1].dfs_name = "\\domain\share2";

    protected DocumentBuilderFactoryUtil() {
    }

    /**
     * Returns a new instance of {@link DocumentBuilderFactory}.
     *
     * @return A new instance of {@link DocumentBuilderFactory}.
     */
    public static DocumentBuilderFactory newInstance() {
        return newInstance(false);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a new instance of {@link DocumentBuilderFactory}.
     *
     * @param external

    private boolean canFallback = false;
    /** Flag to force fallback authentication */
    private boolean forceFallback;

    static {
        PREFERRED_MECHS.add(new ASN1ObjectIdentifier("1.2.840.113554.1.2.2"));
        PREFERRED_MECHS.add(new ASN1ObjectIdentifier("1.2.840.48018.1.2.2"));
    }

    /**
     * Construct a <code>Kerb5Authenticator</code> object with <code>Subject</code>