このファイルは同じパッケージ内にあるため、相対インポートを使って `main` モジュール (`main.py`) からオブジェクト `app` をインポートできます:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/app_a_py310/test_main.py hl[3] *}


...そして、これまでと同じようにテストコードを書けます。

## テスト: 例の拡張 { #testing-extended-example }

次に、この例を拡張し、詳細を追加して、さまざまなパーツをテストする方法を確認しましょう。

### 拡張版 **FastAPI** アプリファイル { #extended-fastapi-app-file }

先ほどと同じファイル構成で続けます:

```
.
├── app
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── main.py

            <ul>
            <li>referring to attached artifact, for example {@code sources} and {@code javadoc}:
            see <a href="../maven-core/artifact-handlers.html">default artifact handlers</a> for a list,</li>
            <li>distinguishing two artifacts
            that belong to the same POM but were built differently.
            For example, {@code jdk14} and {@code jdk15}.</li>
            </ul>
            ]]>

 * URLs, this includes the TLS version and cipher suites to use when negotiating a secure
 * connection.
 *
 * The TLS versions configured in a connection spec are only be used if they are also enabled in the
 * SSL socket. For example, if an SSL socket does not have TLS 1.3 enabled, it will not be used even
 * if it is present on the connection spec. The same policy also applies to cipher suites.
 *

        fw.println("#");
        fw.println("# The checker also rejects Markdown-style links, such as [text](https://example.com/something) as they do not render properly");

    }

    private void gatherDeadLinksInFileReleaseNotes(Map<File, List<Error>> errors) {
        int lineNumber = 0;

 *       in any other way than how {@code Stopwatch} uses them.
 *   <li>An alternative source of nanosecond ticks can be substituted, for example for testing or
 *       performance reasons, without affecting most of your code.
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>The one downside of {@code Stopwatch} relative to {@link System#nanoTime()} is that {@code

    return (E edge) -> network.incidentNodes(edge).adjacentNode(node);
  }

  /**
   * A builder for creating {@link ImmutableNetwork} instances, especially {@code static final}
   * networks. Example:
   *
   * {@snippet :
   * static final ImmutableNetwork<City, Train> TRAIN_NETWORK =
   *     NetworkBuilder.undirected()
   *         .allowsParallelEdges(true)
   *         .<City, Train>immutable()

     * @throws IOException
     */
    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() throws IOException {
        // Create a real URL instead of mocking to avoid protocol issues
        mockUrl = new URL("http://test.example.com/path");

        // Basic setup for mocks to avoid NullPointerExceptions
        when(mockConnection.getURL()).thenReturn(mockUrl);
        when(mockConnection.getRequestProperties()).thenReturn(new HashMap<>());

# 类作为依赖项 { #classes-as-dependencies }

在深入探究 **依赖注入** 系统之前，让我们升级之前的例子。

## 来自前一个例子的`dict` { #a-dict-from-the-previous-example }

在前面的例子中, 我们从依赖项 ("可依赖对象") 中返回了一个 `dict`:

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

但是后面我们在路径操作函数的参数 `commons` 中得到了一个 `dict`。

我们知道编辑器不能为 `dict` 提供很多支持(比如补全)，因为编辑器不知道 `dict` 的键和值类型。

对此，我们可以做的更好...

## 什么构成了依赖项 { #what-makes-a-dependency }

到目前为止，你看到的依赖项都被声明为函数。

 * given at creation time, the natural order of elements is used. If no maximum size is given at
 * creation time, the queue is unbounded.
 *
 * <p>Usage example:
 *
 * {@snippet :
 * MinMaxPriorityQueue<User> users = MinMaxPriorityQueue.orderedBy(userComparator)
 *     .maximumSize(1000)
 *     .create();
 * }
 *

 * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> The methods of {@code ForwardingNavigableSet} forward <i>indiscriminately</i>
 * to the methods of the delegate. For example, overriding {@link #add} alone <i>will not</i> change
 * the behavior of {@link #addAll}, which can lead to unexpected behavior. In this case, you should