import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.CLASS;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * Signifies that a test should not be run under Android. This annotation is respected only by our
 * Google-internal Android suite generators. Note that those generators also suppress any test
 * annotated with MediumTest or LargeTest.
 *

import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.CLASS;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * Signifies that a test should not be run under Android. This annotation is respected only by our
 * Google-internal Android suite generators. Note that those generators also suppress any test
 * annotated with LargeTest.
 *

import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.CLASS;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * Signifies that a test should not be run under Android. This annotation is respected only by our
 * Google-internal Android suite generators. Note that those generators also suppress any test
 * annotated with LargeTest.
 *

import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.CLASS;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * Signifies that a test should not be run under Android. This annotation is respected only by our
 * Google-internal Android suite generators. Note that those generators also suppress any test
 * annotated with LargeTest.
 *

import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.CLASS;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * Signifies that a test should not be run under Android. This annotation is respected only by our
 * Google-internal Android suite generators. Note that those generators also suppress any test
 * annotated with LargeTest.
 *

import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.CLASS;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * Signifies that a test should not be run under Android. This annotation is respected only by our
 * Google-internal Android suite generators. Note that those generators also suppress any test
 * annotated with LargeTest.
 *

2. **Disclose significant AI involvement.** If AI tools played a major role in producing your contribution, say so in the description. We are not interested in incidental use, such as asking a chatbot for advice or accepting an autocomplete suggestion—but rather in cases...

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/separate-openapi-schemas/image02.png">
</div>

Cela signifie qu'il aura **toujours une valeur**, simplement, parfois la valeur pourra être `None` (ou `null` en JSON).

`HTTPException` est une exception Python normale avec des données supplémentaires pertinentes pour les API.

Comme il s'agit d'une exception Python, vous ne la `return` pas, vous la `raise`.

Nous allons repartir d'où nous nous sommes arrêtés dans le chapitre précédent et l'enrichir.

## À propos de JWT { #about-jwt }

JWT signifie « JSON Web Tokens ».

C'est une norme pour coder un objet JSON dans une longue chaîne compacte sans espaces. Cela ressemble à ceci :

```