# Ref: https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/discussions/14495

from typing import Annotated, Union

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot
from pydantic import BaseModel


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def client_fixture() -> TestClient:
    from fastapi import Body
    from pydantic import Discriminator, Tag

    class Cat(BaseModel):

Por ejemplo, ampliando el modelo anterior, podrías decidir que deseas tener otra clave `importance` en el mismo cuerpo, además de `item` y `user`.

Si lo declaras tal cual, debido a que es un valor singular, **FastAPI** asumirá que es un parámetro de query.

Pero puedes instruir a **FastAPI** para que lo trate como otra clave del cuerpo usando `Body`:

import pytest
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from fastapi.routing import APIRoute
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from starlette.routing import Route

app = FastAPI()


class APIRouteA(APIRoute):
    x_type = "A"


class APIRouteB(APIRoute):
    x_type = "B"


class APIRouteC(APIRoute):
    x_type = "C"


router_a = APIRouter(route_class=APIRouteA)
router_b = APIRouter(route_class=APIRouteB)

from typing import Annotated

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from .utils import needs_py310


def get_client():
    app = FastAPI()
    with pytest.warns(FastAPIDeprecationWarning):

        @app.get("/items/")
        async def read_items(
            q: Annotated[str | None, Query(regex="^fixedquery$")] = None,

    "size": "XL"
  }
}

```

### FastAPI `HTTPException` vs Starlette `HTTPException`

**FastAPI** 也提供了自有的 `HTTPException`。

**FastAPI** 的 `HTTPException` 继承自 Starlette 的 `HTTPException` 错误类。

它们之间的唯一区别是，**FastAPI** 的 `HTTPException` 可以在响应中添加响应头。

OAuth 2.0 等安全工具需要在内部调用这些响应头。

因此你可以继续像平常一样在代码中触发 **FastAPI** 的 `HTTPException` 。

但注册异常处理器时，应该注册到来自 Starlette 的 `HTTPException`。

from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    id: str
    value: str


app = FastAPI()


@app.get(
    "/items/{item_id}",
    response_model=Item,
    responses={
        200: {
            "content": {"image/png": {}},
            "description": "Return the JSON item or an image.",
        }
    },

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs about Response Status Code](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-status-code/).

## Example

```python
from fastapi import FastAPI, status

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/", status_code=status.HTTP_418_IM_A_TEAPOT)
def read_items():
    return [{"name": "Plumbus"}, {"name": "Portal Gun"}]
```

    The dependency result will be a string containing the key value.

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
    from fastapi.security import APIKeyQuery

    app = FastAPI()

    query_scheme = APIKeyQuery(name="api_key")


    @app.get("/items/")
    async def read_items(api_key: str = Depends(query_scheme)):

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from .utils import needs_py310


@needs_py310
def test_typing():
    types = {
        list[int]: [1, 2, 3],
        dict[str, list[int]]: {"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": [4, 5, 6]},
        set[int]: [1, 2, 3],  # `set` is converted to `list`
        tuple[int, ...]: [1, 2, 3],  # `tuple` is converted to `list`
    }
    for test_type, expect in types.items():

from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
from typing import Union

import pytest
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, Request
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel


class State(BaseModel):
    app_startup: bool = False
    app_shutdown: bool = False
    router_startup: bool = False
    router_shutdown: bool = False
    sub_router_startup: bool = False