/// note | Technical Details

You could also use `from starlette.responses import Response` or `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

And as the `Response` can be used frequently to set headers and cookies, **FastAPI** also provides it at `fastapi.Response`.

  public HashCode hash() {
    return hasher.hash();
  }

  // Overriding close() because FilterOutputStream's close() method pre-JDK8 has bad behavior:
  // it silently ignores any exception thrown by flush(). Instead, just close the delegate stream.
  // It should flush itself if necessary.
  @Override
  public void close() throws IOException {
    out.close();
  }

            // Do nothing - just for testing
        }

        @Override
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // Do nothing - just for testing
        }
    }

    private TestNtlmServlet ntlmServlet;

    @Mock

{* ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001_py310.py hl[5:9] *}


The same as when declaring query parameters, when a model attribute has a default value, it is not required. Otherwise, it is required. Use `None` to make it just optional.

For example, this model above declares a JSON "`object`" (or Python `dict`) like:

```JSON
{
    "name": "Foo",
    "description": "An optional description",
    "price": 45.2,
    "tax": 3.5
}

        ArtifactResolutionResult result = resolve(request);

        // We have collected all the problems so let's mimic the way the old code worked and just blow up right here.
        // That's right lets just let it rip right here and send a big incomprehensible blob of text at unsuspecting
        // users. Bad dog!

        resolutionErrorHandler.throwErrors(request, result);

	Filename string `json:"filename"`
}

// ConsoleLogger is introduced to workaround the dependency about logrus
type ConsoleLogger struct {
	Enable bool `json:"enable"`
}

// serverConfigV33 is just like version '32', removes clientID from NATS and MQTT, and adds queueDir, queueLimit in all notification targets.
type serverConfigV33 struct {
	quick.Config `json:"-"` // ignore interfaces

	Version string `json:"version"`

   * on the fields of TimeoutFuture. This field is slightly different from the fields discussed
   * there: cancel() never reads this field, only writes to it. That makes the race here completely
   * harmless, rather than just 99.99% harmless.
   */
  @LazyInit private @Nullable List<@Nullable Present<V>> values;

  @SuppressWarnings("EmptyList") // ImmutableList doesn't support nullable element types
  CollectionFuture(

        result *= i;
      }
      return BigInteger.valueOf(result);
    }

    /*
     * We want each multiplication to have both sides with approximately the same number of digits.
     * Currently, we just divide the range in half.
     */
    int mid = (n1 + n2) >>> 1;
    return oldSlowFactorial(n1, mid).multiply(oldSlowFactorial(mid, n2));
  }

  @Benchmark
  int slowFactorial(int reps) {
    int tmp = 0;

    @Override
    public boolean verifySignature(final byte[] buffer, final int i, final int size) {
        // observed too that signatures on error responses are sometimes wrong??
        // Looks like the failure case also is just reflecting back the signature we sent

        // with SMB3's negotiation validation it's no longer possible to ignore this (on the validation response)
        // make sure that validation is performed in any case

import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * A {@link Future} implementation which always throws directly from calls to {@code get()} (i.e.
 * not wrapped in {@code ExecutionException}. For just a normal failure, use {@link
 * SettableFuture}).
 *
 * <p>Useful for testing the behavior of Future utilities against odd futures.
 *
 * @author Anthony Zana
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullUnmarked