class CustomError(Exception):
    pass


@router.websocket("/custom_error/")
async def router_ws_custom_error(websocket: WebSocket):
    raise CustomError()


def make_app(app=None, **kwargs):
    app = app or FastAPI(**kwargs)
    app.include_router(router)
    app.include_router(prefix_router, prefix="/prefix")
    app.include_router(native_prefix_route)
    return app

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI(swagger_ui_oauth2_redirect_url=None)


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items():
    return {"id": "foo"}


client = TestClient(app)


def test_swagger_ui():
    response = client.get("/docs")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.headers["content-type"] == "text/html; charset=utf-8"

SOURCE="${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"
while [ -h "$SOURCE" ]; do
	DIR="$( cd -P "$( dirname "$SOURCE" )" && pwd )"
	SOURCE="$(readlink "$SOURCE")"
	[[ $SOURCE != /* ]] && SOURCE="$DIR/$SOURCE"
done
DIR="$( cd -P "$( dirname "$SOURCE" )" && pwd )"

# Increase the V8 stack size from the default of 984K
# to 8192K to ensure all tests can pass without hitting
# stack size limits.

```Python hl_lines="7-11"
{!../../docs_src/body/tutorial001.py!}
```

Также как и при описании параметров запроса, когда атрибут модели имеет значение по умолчанию, он является необязательным. Иначе он обязателен. Используйте `None`, чтобы сделать его необязательным без использования конкретных значений по умолчанию.

Например, модель выше описывает вот такой JSON "объект" (или словарь Python):

```JSON
{
    "name": "Foo",

{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

与声明查询参数一样，包含默认值的模型属性是可选的，否则就是必选的。默认值为 `None` 的模型属性也是可选的。

例如，上述模型声明如下 JSON **对象**（即 Python **字典**）：

```JSON
{
    "name": "Foo",
    "description": "An optional description",
    "price": 45.2,
    "tax": 3.5
}
```

……由于 `description` 和 `tax` 是可选的（默认值为 `None`），下面的 JSON **对象**也有效：

```JSON
{
    "name": "Foo",
    "price": 45.2
}
```

  optional int32 value = 2;

  // globalDefault specifies whether this PriorityClass should be considered as
  // the default priority for pods that do not have any priority class.
  // Only one PriorityClass can be marked as `globalDefault`. However, if more than
  // one PriorityClasses exists with their `globalDefault` field set to true,
  // the smallest value of such global default PriorityClasses will be used as the default priority.
  // +optional

        {
            "detail": [
                {
                    "type": "missing",
                    "loc": ["body", "files"],
                    "msg": "Field required",
                    "input": None,
                }
            ]
        }
    ) | IsDict(
        # TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1
        {
            "detail": [
                {
                    "loc": ["body", "files"],

			return err
		}
	}
	fmt.Fprintln(c.Stdout, string(out))
	return nil
}

func waypointName(wl *ZtunnelWorkload, services []*ZtunnelService) string {
	if wl.Waypoint == nil {
		return "None"
	}

	for _, svc := range services {
		if fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", svc.Namespace, svc.Hostname) == wl.Waypoint.Destination {
			return svc.Name
		}
		for _, addr := range svc.Addresses {

  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by their natural ordering.
   * When multiple elements are equivalent according to {@link Comparable#compareTo}, only the first
   * one specified is included.
   *
   * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
   */
  public static <E extends Comparable<? super E>> ImmutableSortedSet<E> of(E e1, E e2) {

                It can be a regular `def` function or an `async def` function.
                """
            ),
        ],
        *args: P.args,
        **kwargs: P.kwargs,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Add a function to be called in the background after the response is sent.

        Read more about it in the