*
   * @param reference any array of the desired type
   * @param length the length of the new array
   */
  /*
   * The new array contains nulls, even if the old array did not. If we wanted to be accurate, we
   * would declare a return type of `@Nullable T[]`. However, we've decided not to think too hard
   * about arrays for now, as they're a mess. (We previously discussed this in the review of

For example, let's say that you want to use <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`orjson`</a>, but with some custom settings not used in the included `ORJSONResponse` class.

Let's say you want it to return indented and formatted JSON, so you want to use the orjson option `orjson.OPT_INDENT_2`.

{* ../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app_an_py39/internal/admin.py hl[3] title["app/internal/admin.py"] *}

But we still want to set a custom `prefix` when including the `APIRouter` so that all its *path operations* start with `/admin`, we want to secure it with the `dependencies` we already have for this project, and we want to include `tags` and `responses`.

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/header-param-models/image01.png">
</div>

## Forbid Extra Headers { #forbid-extra-headers }

In some special use cases (probably not very common), you might want to **restrict** the headers that you want to receive.

You can use Pydantic's model configuration to `forbid` any `extra` fields:

{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}

	}
	expectAuthors := []string{"Edward", "George"}
	for i, post := range egPosts {
		t.Log(i, post.Author)
		if want := expectAuthors[i]; post.Author.Name != want {
			t.Errorf("expected author %s got %s", want, post.Author.Name)
		}
	}
}

func TestEmbeddedPointerTypeStruct(t *testing.T) {
	type BasePost struct {
		Id    int64
		Title string
		URL   string
	}

	if err == io.EOF { // Verify content SHA256, if set.
		if r.expectedMin > 0 {
			if r.bytesRead < r.expectedMin {
				return 0, SizeTooSmall{Want: r.expectedMin, Got: r.bytesRead}
			}
		}
		if r.expectedMax > 0 {
			if r.bytesRead > r.expectedMax {
				return 0, SizeTooLarge{Want: r.expectedMax, Got: r.bytesRead}
			}
		}

		if r.sha256 != nil {
			if sum := r.sha256.Sum(nil); !bytes.Equal(r.contentSHA256, sum) {

In this type of scenario, you probably would want to have **a single (Uvicorn) process per container**, as you would already be handling replication at the cluster level.

So, in this case, you **would not** want to have a multiple workers in the container, for example with the `--workers` command line option. You would want to have just a **single Uvicorn process** per container (but probably multiple containers).

## Do not Separate Schemas { #do-not-separate-schemas }

Now, there are some cases where you might want to have the **same schema for input and output**.

Probably the main use case for this is if you already have some autogenerated client code/SDKs and you don't want to update all the autogenerated client code/SDKs yet, you probably will want to do it at some point, but maybe not right now.

This is the driest thing I know.  Silence all round, if you please!
"William the Conqueror, whose cause was favoured by the pope, was
soon submitted to by the English, who wanted leaders, and had been
of late much accustomed to usurpation and conquest.  Edwin and
Morcar, the earls of Mercia and Northumbria--"'

  `Ugh!' said the Lory, with a shiver.

This is probably not as important or necessary if you use `Annotated`.

///

Let's say that you want to declare the query parameter `q` as a required `str`.

And you don't need to declare anything else for that parameter, so you don't really need to use `Query`.

But you still need to use `Path` for the `item_id` path parameter. And you don't want to use `Annotated` for some reason.