class FooBaseModel(BaseModel):
    if PYDANTIC_V2:
        model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
    else:

        class Config:
            extra = "forbid"


class Foo(FooBaseModel):
    pass


app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/")
async def post(
    foo: Union[Foo, None] = None,
):
    return foo


client = TestClient(app)


def test_call_invalid():

	Namespace  string
}

// Inherit the common kubernetes flags defined in the root package. This is a bit of a hack,
// but it allows us to directly get the final values for each of these flags without needing
// to pass pointers-to-flags through all of the (sub)commands.
func (o *KubeOptions) prepare(ctx cli.Context) {
	o.Namespace = ctx.Namespace()
	if o.Namespace == "" {
		o.Namespace = ctx.IstioNamespace()

///

## Recap

You can use Pydantic's `Field` to declare extra validations and metadata for model attributes.

  fi
fi

# Keep the existing "tf" container if it's already present.
# The container is not cleaned up automatically! Remove it with:
# docker rm tf
if ! docker container inspect tf >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
  # Pass all existing TFCI_ variables into the Docker container
  env_file=$(mktemp)
  env | grep ^TFCI_ > "$env_file"

  WORKING_DIR="$TFCI_GIT_DIR"
  if [[ `uname -s | grep -P '^MSYS_NT'` ]]; then

//
// passes NOATIME flag for reads on Unix systems to avoid atime updates.
func ReadFile(name string) ([]byte, error) {
	// Don't wrap with un-needed buffer.
	// Don't use os.ReadFile, since it doesn't pass NO_ATIME when present.
	f, err := OsOpenFile(name, readMode, 0o666)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer f.Close()
	st, err := f.Stat()
	if err != nil {
		return io.ReadAll(f)
	}

The `Union[str, None]` part allows your editor to provide better support, but it is not what tells FastAPI that this parameter is not required.

///

Then, we can pass more parameters to `Query`. In this case, the `max_length` parameter that applies to strings:

```Python
q: Union[str, None] = Query(default=None, max_length=50)
```

* It exposes an actual Python <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/tempfile.html#tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile" class="external-link" target="_blank">`SpooledTemporaryFile`</a> object that you can pass directly to other libraries that expect a file-like object.

### `UploadFile`

`UploadFile` has the following attributes:

* `filename`: A `str` with the original file name that was uploaded (e.g. `myimage.jpg`).

  /**
   * Returns an {@code ImmutableList} containing all of the elements from this fluent iterable in
   * proper sequence.
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@code ImmutableList.copyOf(stream.iterator())}, or pass
   * {@link ImmutableList#toImmutableList} to {@code stream.collect()}.
   *
   * @throws NullPointerException if any element is {@code null}
   * @since 14.0 (since 12.0 as {@code toImmutableList()}).
   */

### Include the custom docs

Now you can create the *path operations* for the custom docs.

You can reuse FastAPI's internal functions to create the HTML pages for the docs, and pass them the needed arguments:

* `openapi_url`: the URL where the HTML page for the docs can get the OpenAPI schema for your API. You can use here the attribute `app.openapi_url`.
* `title`: the title of your API.

## MinIO Docker Tips

### MinIO Custom Access and Secret Keys

To override MinIO's auto-generated keys, you may pass secret and access keys explicitly as environment variables. MinIO server also allows regular strings as access and secret keys.

#### GNU/Linux and macOS (custom access and secret keys)

```sh
docker run \
  -p 9000:9000 \