```console
$ pytest

================ test session starts ================
platform linux -- Python 3.6.9, pytest-5.3.5, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /home/user/code/superawesome-cli/app
plugins: forked-1.1.3, xdist-1.31.0, cov-2.8.1
collected 6 items

---> 100%

test_main.py <span style="color: green; white-space: pre;">......                            [100%]</span>

from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict


class FooBaseModel(BaseModel):
    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")


class Foo(FooBaseModel):
    pass


app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/")
async def post(
    foo: Union[Foo, None] = None,
):
    return foo


client = TestClient(app)

Puedes ver los headers requeridos en la interfaz de documentación en `/docs`:

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/header-param-models/image01.png">
</div>

## Prohibir Headers Extra { #forbid-extra-headers }

En algunos casos de uso especiales (probablemente no muy comunes), podrías querer **restringir** los headers que deseas recibir.

你可以在 `/docs` 页面的 UI 中查看查询参数：

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/query-param-models/image01.png">
</div>

## 禁止额外的查询参数

在一些特殊的使用场景中（可能不是很常见），你可能希望**限制**你要接收的查询参数。

你可以使用 Pydantic 的模型配置来 `forbid`（意为禁止 —— 译者注）任何 `extra`（意为额外的 —— 译者注）字段：

{* ../../docs_src/query_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}

假设有一个客户端尝试在**查询参数**中发送一些**额外的**数据，它将会收到一个**错误**响应。

例如，如果客户端尝试发送一个值为 `plumbus` 的 `tool` 查询参数，如：

Sie können die Query-Parameter in der Dokumentations-Oberfläche unter `/docs` einsehen:

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/query-param-models/image01.png">
</div>

## Zusätzliche Query-Parameter verbieten { #forbid-extra-query-parameters }

In einigen speziellen Anwendungsfällen (wahrscheinlich nicht sehr häufig) möchten Sie möglicherweise die Query-Parameter, die Sie empfangen möchten, **beschränken**.

```console
$ pip install python-multipart
```

///

## Importa `File` y `Form` { #import-file-and-form }

{* ../../docs_src/request_forms_and_files/tutorial001_an_py39.py hl[3] *}

## Define parámetros `File` y `Form` { #define-file-and-form-parameters }

Crea parámetros de archivo y formulario de la misma manera que lo harías para `Body` o `Query`:

# 폼 및 파일 요청

`File` 과 `Form` 을 사용하여 파일과 폼을 함께 정의할 수 있습니다.

/// info | 정보

파일과 폼 데이터를 함께, 또는 각각 업로드하기 위해 먼저 <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>를 설치해야합니다.

예 ) `pip install python-multipart`.

///

## `File` 및 `Form` 업로드

{* ../../docs_src/request_forms_and_files/tutorial001.py hl[1] *}

## `File` 및 `Form` 매개변수 정의

```console
$ pip install python-multipart
```

///

## Importe `File` e `Form` { #import-file-and-form }

{* ../../docs_src/request_forms_and_files/tutorial001_an_py39.py hl[3] *}

## Defina parâmetros de `File` e `Form` { #define-file-and-form-parameters }

Crie parâmetros de arquivo e formulário da mesma forma que você faria para `Body` ou `Query`:

```console
$ pytest

================ test session starts ================
platform linux -- Python 3.6.9, pytest-5.3.5, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /home/user/code/superawesome-cli/app
plugins: forked-1.1.3, xdist-1.31.0, cov-2.8.1
collected 6 items

---> 100%

test_main.py <span style="color: green; white-space: pre;">......                            [100%]</span>

    CipherSuite.TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256,
    CipherSuite.TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256,
  )

/**
 * A TLS 1.3 only Connection Spec. This will be eventually be exposed
 * as part of MODERN_TLS or folded into the default OkHttp client once published and
 * available in JDK11 or Conscrypt.
 */
private val TLS_13 =
  ConnectionSpec
    .Builder(true)
    .cipherSuites(*TLS13_CIPHER_SUITES.toTypedArray())