///

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Você também pode utilizar `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

O **FastAPI** disponibiliza o `starlette.responses` como `fastapi.responses` apenas por conveniência para você, o programador. Porém a maioria dos retornos disponíveis vem diretamente do Starlette. O mesmo com `status`.

///

## OpenAPI e documentação da API { #openapi-and-api-docs }

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004_py39.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}


You can read more details about the ["Running lifespan in tests in the official Starlette documentation site."](https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests)

For the deprecated `startup` and `shutdown` events, you can use the `TestClient` as follows:

如果您需要与 FastAPI 集成更简单但更强大的功能，支持 Redis、PostgreSQL 或其他功能，请查看 [encode/broadcaster](https://github.com/encode/broadcaster)。

///

## 更多信息

要了解更多选项，请查看 Starlette 的文档：

* [WebSocket 类](https://www.starlette.dev/websockets/)

如果请求中有查询，它将在后台任务中写入日志。

然后另一个在 *路径操作函数* 生成的后台任务会使用路径参数 `email` 写入一条信息。

## 技术细节

`BackgroundTasks` 类直接来自 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>。

它被直接导入/包含到FastAPI以便你可以从 `fastapi` 导入，并避免意外从 `starlette.background` 导入备用的 `BackgroundTask` (后面没有 `s`)。

为此，要在 `with` 语句中使用 `TestClient` 连接 WebSocket。

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | 笔记

更多细节详见 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette 官档 - 测试 WebSockets</a>。

This allows you to use `pytest` directly without complications.

///

/// note | Technical Details

You could also use `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.testclient` as `fastapi.testclient` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But it comes directly from Starlette.

///

/// tip

///

/// note | Технічні деталі

Ви також можете використовувати `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

**FastAPI** надає той самий `starlette.testclient` під назвою `fastapi.testclient` для зручності розробників, але він безпосередньо походить із Starlette.

///

/// tip | Порада

The class `BackgroundTasks` comes directly from <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.

It is imported/included directly into FastAPI so that you can import it from `fastapi` and avoid accidentally importing the alternative `BackgroundTask` (without the `s` at the end) from `starlette.background`.

///

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Você também pode usar `from starlette.requests import Request`.

**FastAPI** fornece isso como uma conveniência para você, o desenvolvedor. Mas vem diretamente da Starlette.

///

///

## Mehr Informationen { #more-info }

Weitere Informationen zu Optionen finden Sie in der Dokumentation von Starlette:

* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/websockets/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Die `WebSocket`-Klasse</a>.