public static boolean isPowerOfTwo(long x) {
    return x > 0 & (x & (x - 1)) == 0;
  }

  /**
   * Returns 1 if {@code x < y} as unsigned longs, and 0 otherwise. Assumes that x - y fits into a
   * signed long. The implementation is branch-free, and benchmarks suggest it is measurably faster
   * than the straightforward ternary expression.
   */
  @VisibleForTesting
  static int lessThanBranchFree(long x, long y) {

    // may change and break assumptions in this test [*]. This is not a bug in the implementation of
    // Ascii.equalsIgnoreCase(), but it is a signal that its documentation may need updating as
    // regards edge cases.

    // The Unicode point {@code 00df} is the lowercase form of sharp-S (ß), whose uppercase is "SS".

    // may change and break assumptions in this test [*]. This is not a bug in the implementation of
    // Ascii.equalsIgnoreCase(), but it is a signal that its documentation may need updating as
    // regards edge cases.

    // The Unicode point {@code 00df} is the lowercase form of sharp-S (ß), whose uppercase is "SS".

## Pull Request Checklist

Before sending your pull requests, make sure you do the following:

-   Read the [contributing guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md).
-   Read the [Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md).
-   Ensure you have signed the
    [Contributor License Agreement (CLA)](https://cla.developers.google.com/).
-   Check if your changes are consistent with the
    [guidelines](#general-guidelines-and-philosophy-for-contribution).

    void testSpecialByteValues() {
        // Test boundary values
        byte[] data = { (byte) 0x00, // min value
                (byte) 0xFF, // max value (-1 as signed byte)
                (byte) 0x7F, // max positive
                (byte) 0x80 // min negative
        };

        String result = Hexdump.toHexString(data);
        assertEquals("00FF7F80", result);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test decode with negative values interpreted as unsigned")
    void testDecodeWithNegativeValues() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
        // Prepare test data with values that would be negative if signed
        byte[] buffer = new byte[22];
        int idFileSystem = -1; // 0xFFFFFFFF
        int sectPerAlloc = 8;
        int alloc = -100; // Large unsigned value
        int free = -200; // Large unsigned value

	MaxParts            int                 // used in GetObjectAttributes. Signals how many parts we should return
	PartNumberMarker    int                 // used in GetObjectAttributes. Signals the part number after which results should be returned
	PartNumber          int                 // only useful in case of GetObject/HeadObject

      TestCondition testCondition = create();

      ScheduledExecutorService scheduledPool = newScheduledThreadPool(1);
      // If signal() fails somehow, we should see a failed test, even without looking at the Future.
      Future<?> unused = scheduledPool.schedule(testCondition::signal, delay, unit);

      return testCondition;
    }

    static TestCondition create() {
      Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

        SmbFileOutputStream out = mock(SmbFileOutputStream.class);
        byte[] payload = new byte[] { 1, 2, 3, 4 };

        w.start();

        // Wait until writer thread signals readiness
        synchronized (w) {
            long deadline = System.currentTimeMillis() + 2000;
            while (!w.isReady() && System.currentTimeMillis() < deadline) {
                w.wait(10);
            }

      // recordSslDebug = true
    }

  // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6066#page-6 specifies a FQDN is required.
  val hostname = "local.host"
  private val handshakeCertificates =
    run {
      // Generate a self-signed cert for the server to serve and the client to trust.
      val heldCertificate =
        HeldCertificate
          .Builder()
          .commonName(hostname)
          .addSubjectAlternativeName(hostname)