Например:

* [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/environments#_select-and-activate-an-environment)
* [PyCharm](https://www.jetbrains.com/help/pycharm/creating-virtual-environment.html)

/// tip | Подсказка

Обычно это нужно сделать только **один раз**, при создании виртуального окружения.

///

## Деактивация виртуального окружения { #deactivate-the-virtual-environment }

## Changelog since v1.5.0-beta.3

### Other notable changes

 * powerful advantage. Although Java offers certain immutable collection factory methods, such as
 * {@link Collections#singleton(Object)} and <a
 * href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/25/docs/api/java.base/java/util/Set.html#unmodifiable">{@code
 * Set.of}</a>, we recommend using <i>these</i> classes instead for this reason (as well as for
 * consistency).
 *
 * <h4>Creation</h4>
 *

```Python
from app.routers import items, users
```

Чтобы узнать больше о Python-пакетах и модулях, прочитайте [официальную документацию Python о модулях](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/modules.html).

///

### Избегайте конфликтов имён { #avoid-name-collisions }

Мы импортируем подмодуль `items` напрямую, вместо того чтобы импортировать только его переменную `router`.

Örneğin:

* [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/environments#_select-and-activate-an-environment)
* [PyCharm](https://www.jetbrains.com/help/pycharm/creating-virtual-environment.html)

/// tip | İpucu

Bunu genelde yalnızca **bir kez**, virtual environment'i oluşturduğunuzda yapmanız gerekir.

///

## Virtual Environment'i Devre Dışı Bırakın { #deactivate-the-virtual-environment }

 * powerful advantage. Although Java offers certain immutable collection factory methods, such as
 * {@link Collections#singleton(Object)} and <a
 * href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/25/docs/api/java.base/java/util/Set.html#unmodifiable">{@code
 * Set.of}</a>, we recommend using <i>these</i> classes instead for this reason (as well as for
 * consistency).
 *
 * <h4>Creation</h4>
 *

   * elements.
   *
   * <p>For streams with defined encounter order (as defined in the Ordering section of the {@link
   * java.util.stream} Javadoc), that order is preserved, but entries are <a
   * href="ImmutableMultimap.html#iteration">grouped by key</a>.
   *
   * <p>Example:
   *
   * {@snippet :
   * static final Multimap<Character, String> FIRST_LETTER_MULTIMAP =
   *     Stream.of("banana", "apple", "carrot", "asparagus", "cherry")

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Static convenience methods that serve the same purpose as Java language <a
 * href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/language/assert.html">assertions</a>,
 * except that they are always enabled. These methods should be used instead of Java assertions
 * whenever there is a chance the check may fail "in real life". Example:
 *
 * {@snippet :

```console
$ pip install pyjwt

---> 100%
```

</div>

/// info | 說明

如果你打算使用像 RSA 或 ECDSA 這類的數位簽章演算法，應該安裝帶有加密函式庫相依的 `pyjwt[crypto]`。

更多內容可參考 [PyJWT 安裝文件](https://pyjwt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html)。

///

## 密碼雜湊 { #password-hashing }

「雜湊」是指把某些內容（此處為密碼）轉換成一串看起來像亂碼的位元組序列（其實就是字串）。

每當你輸入完全相同的內容（完全相同的密碼），就會得到完全相同的亂碼。

但你無法從這串亂碼再反推回原本的密碼。

### 為什麼要用密碼雜湊 { #why-use-password-hashing }

```console
$ pip install pyjwt

---> 100%
```

</div>

/// info | 信息

如果你计划使用类似 RSA 或 ECDSA 的数字签名算法，你应该安装加密库依赖项 `pyjwt[crypto]`。

可以在 [PyJWT 安装文档](https://pyjwt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html)中了解更多。

///

## 密码哈希 { #password-hashing }

“哈希”是指把一些内容（这里是密码）转换成看起来像乱码的一串字节（其实就是字符串）。

当你每次传入完全相同的内容（完全相同的密码）时，都会得到完全相同的“乱码”。

但你无法从这个“乱码”反向还原出密码。

### 为什么使用密码哈希 { #why-use-password-hashing }