*
     * @param value input
     * @return escaped string.
     */
    public static String escape(final String value) {
        if (value == null) {
            return null;
        }

        char c;
        final int len = value.length();
        final StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(len * 2);

        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            c = value.charAt(i);
            String escaped = switch (c) {

@GwtIncompatible
@NullUnmarked
public class DefaultsTest extends TestCase {
  public void testGetDefaultValue() {
    assertEquals(false, Defaults.defaultValue(boolean.class).booleanValue());
    assertEquals('\0', Defaults.defaultValue(char.class).charValue());
    assertEquals(0, Defaults.defaultValue(byte.class).byteValue());
    assertEquals(0, Defaults.defaultValue(short.class).shortValue());
    assertEquals(0, Defaults.defaultValue(int.class).intValue());

  private static final ImmutableList<String> ILL_FORMED_STRINGS;

  static {
    ImmutableList.Builder<String> builder = ImmutableList.builder();
    char[] surrogates = {
      MAX_LOW_SURROGATE, MAX_HIGH_SURROGATE, MIN_LOW_SURROGATE, MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE,
    };
    for (char surrogate : surrogates) {
      builder.add(newString(surrogate));
      builder.add(newString(surrogate, 'n'));
      builder.add(newString('n', surrogate));

import org.opensearch.index.IndexSettings;
import org.opensearch.index.analysis.AbstractCharFilterFactory;

public class ProlongedSoundMarkCharFilterFactory extends AbstractCharFilterFactory {
    private char replacement;

    public ProlongedSoundMarkCharFilterFactory(final IndexSettings indexSettings, final Environment env, final String name,
            final Settings settings) {
        super(indexSettings, name);

  @Override
  short readShort();

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // to skip some bytes
  @Override
  int readUnsignedShort();

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // to skip some bytes
  @Override
  char readChar();

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // to skip some bytes
  @Override
  int readInt();

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // to skip some bytes
  @Override
  long readLong();

    static String unescape(final String str) throws NumberFormatException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        char ch;
        int i, j, state, len;
        char[] out;
        final byte[] b = new byte[1];

        if (str == null) {
            return null;
        }

        len = str.length();
        out = new char[len];
        state = 0;
        for (i = j = 0; i < len; i++) {
            switch (state) {

import com.google.caliper.Benchmark;
import com.google.caliper.Param;
import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Microbenchmark for {@link Splitter#on} with char vs String with length == 1.
 *
 * @author Paul Lindner
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class SplitterBenchmark {
  // overall size of string
  @Param({"1", "10", "100", "1000"})
  int length;

    if (stringValue.length() == 0) {
      throw new NumberFormatException("empty string");
    }

    // Handle radix specifier if present
    String rawValue;
    int radix;
    char firstChar = stringValue.charAt(0);
    if (stringValue.startsWith("0x") || stringValue.startsWith("0X")) {
      rawValue = stringValue.substring(2);
      radix = 16;
    } else if (firstChar == '#') {

        line.textContent = '';
        this.container.appendChild(line);

        for (let char of chars) {
            const delay = line.getAttribute(`${this.pfx}-typeDelay`) || this.typeDelay;
            await this._wait(delay);
            line.textContent += char;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Animate a progress bar.
     * @param {Node} line - The line element to render.

  private void advance() throws IOException {
    close();
    if (it.hasNext()) {
      current = it.next().openStream();
    }
  }

  @Override
  public int read(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
    checkNotNull(cbuf);
    if (current == null) {
      return -1;
    }
    int result = current.read(cbuf, off, len);
    if (result == -1) {
      advance();