*     .url("http://publicobject.com/helloworld.txt")
 *     .build();
 * ```
 *
 * If it is only necessary to force a cached response to be validated by the server, use the more
 * efficient `max-age=0` directive instead:
 *
 * ```java
 * Request request = new Request.Builder()
 *     .cacheControl(new CacheControl.Builder()
 *         .maxAge(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 *         .build())

   * Reader#skip(long) skip} to the end of the stream, and return the total number of chars that
   * were skipped.
   *
   * <p>Note that for sources that implement {@link #lengthIfKnown} to provide a more efficient
   * implementation, it is <i>possible</i> that this method will return a different number of chars
   * than would be returned by reading all of the chars.
   *

    assertThat(is('a').retainFrom("")).isEqualTo("");
  }

  public void testPrecomputedOptimizations() {
    // These are testing behavior that's never promised by the API.
    // Some matchers are so efficient that it is a waste of effort to
    // build a precomputed version.
    CharMatcher m1 = is('x');
    assertThat(m1.precomputed()).isSameInstanceAs(m1);
    assertThat(m1.precomputed().toString()).isEqualTo(m1.toString());

          int actual = LongMath.lessThanBranchFree(x, y);
          assertEquals(expected, actual);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // Throws an ArithmeticException if "the simple implementation" of binomial coefficients overflows
  @GwtIncompatible // TODO
  private long simpleBinomial(int n, int k) {
    long accum = 1;
    for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
      accum = LongMath.checkedMultiply(accum, n - i);
      accum /= i + 1;

        }

        if (updateScope) {
            fireEvent(ResolutionListener.UPDATE_SCOPE, listeners, nearest, farthestArtifact);

            // previously we cloned the artifact, but it is more efficient to just update the artifactScope
            // if problems are later discovered that the original object needs its original artifactScope value,
            // cloning may
            // again be appropriate

  }

  /**
   * Runs the specified action for each distinct element in this multiset, and the number of
   * occurrences of that element. For some {@code Multiset} implementations, this may be more
   * efficient than iterating over the {@link #entrySet()} either explicitly or with {@code
   * entrySet().forEach(action)}.
   *
   * @since 21.0
   */
  default void forEachEntry(ObjIntConsumer<? super E> action) {

  }

  /**
   * Creates an empty multiset containing the given initial elements, sorted according to the
   * elements' natural order.
   *
   * <p>This implementation is highly efficient when {@code elements} is itself a {@link Multiset}.
   *
   * <p>The type specification is {@code <E extends Comparable>}, instead of the more specific

        }
        return true; // that.size() == this.size()
      }
    }

    /**
     * Returns a lower bound for {@link #size()} based on the sizes of the backing sets.
     *
     * <p>This is more efficient than {@link #size()}, which iterates over the entire {@link
     * SetView}.
     */
    abstract int minSize();

    /**

   * is as close as possible to the center of the range [{@code from}, {@code to}]. Choosing the
   * value closest to the center of the range first is the most efficient strategy because it
   * minimizes the size of the subranges from which the remaining selections must be done.
   */
  private static int chooseNextSelection(

     * name associated with SIDs will be required, the SID_FLAG_RESOLVE_SIDS
     * flag should be used which causes all group member SIDs to be resolved
     * together in a single more efficient operation.
     */
    static Map getLocalGroupsMap(final String authorityServerName, final NtlmPasswordAuthentication auth, final int flags)
            throws IOException {