from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, Request
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()
router = APIRouter()


@router.route("/items/")
def read_items(request: Request):
    return JSONResponse({"hello": "world"})


app.include_router(router)

client = TestClient(app)


def test_sub_router():
    response = client.get("/items/")

## Özellikler { #features }

- **Path Operation Explorer** - Uygulamanızdaki tüm <dfn title="route'lar, endpoint'ler">*path operation*'lar</dfn> için yan panelde bir ağaç görünümü. Herhangi bir route veya router tanımına tıklayarak atlayın.
- **Route Search** - <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>Shift</kbd> + <kbd>E</kbd> (macOS: <kbd>Cmd</kbd> + <kbd>Shift</kbd> + <kbd>E</kbd>) ile path, method veya ada göre arama.

sts_client = boto3.client(
    'sts',
    region_name='us-east-1',
    use_ssl=False,
    endpoint_url='http://localhost:9000',
)

app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route('/')
def homepage():
    text = '<a href="%s">Authenticate with keycloak</a>'
    return text % make_authorization_url()


def make_authorization_url():
    # Generate a random string for the state parameter

Par exemple :

```Python
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareA)
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareB)
```

Cela aboutit à l’ordre d’exécution suivant :

* **Requête** : MiddlewareB → MiddlewareA → route

* **Réponse** : route → MiddlewareA → MiddlewareB

Ce comportement d’empilement garantit que les middlewares s’exécutent dans un ordre prévisible et contrôlable.

## Autres middlewares { #other-middlewares }

Zum Beispiel:

```Python
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareA)
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareB)
```

Dies führt zu folgender Ausführungsreihenfolge:

* **Request**: MiddlewareB → MiddlewareA → Route

* **Response**: Route → MiddlewareA → MiddlewareB

Dieses Stapelverhalten stellt sicher, dass Middlewares in einer vorhersehbaren und kontrollierbaren Reihenfolge ausgeführt werden.

## Andere Middlewares { #other-middlewares }

                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
                            },
                        },
                        "summary": "Route With Extras",
                        "operationId": "route_with_extras__get",
                        "x-custom-extension": "value",
                    }
                },
            },
        }

    - topic_repos: ../en/data/topic_repos.yml
  redirects:
    redirect_maps:
      deployment/deta.md: deployment/cloud.md
      advanced/graphql.md: how-to/graphql.md
      advanced/custom-request-and-route.md: how-to/custom-request-and-route.md
      advanced/conditional-openapi.md: how-to/conditional-openapi.md
      advanced/extending-openapi.md: how-to/extending-openapi.md
      advanced/testing-database.md: how-to/testing-database.md

from a2wsgi import WSGIMiddleware
from fastapi import FastAPI
from flask import Flask, request
from markupsafe import escape

flask_app = Flask(__name__)


@flask_app.route("/")
def flask_main():
    name = request.args.get("name", "World")
    return f"Hello, {escape(name)} from Flask!"


app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/v2")
def read_main():
    return {"message": "Hello World"}

Наприклад:

```Python
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareA)
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareB)
```

Це призводить до такого порядку виконання:

* **Запит**: MiddlewareB → MiddlewareA → route

* **Відповідь**: route → MiddlewareA → MiddlewareB

Така поведінка стеку гарантує, що middleware виконуються у передбачуваному та керованому порядку.

## Інші middlewares { #other-middlewares }

응답 경로에서는 마지막에 실행됩니다.

예를 들어:

```Python
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareA)
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareB)
```

이 경우 실행 순서는 다음과 같습니다:

* **요청**: MiddlewareB → MiddlewareA → route

* **응답**: route → MiddlewareA → MiddlewareB

이러한 스태킹 동작은 미들웨어가 예측 가능하고 제어 가능한 순서로 실행되도록 보장합니다.

## 다른 미들웨어 { #other-middlewares }

다른 미들웨어에 대한 더 많은 정보는 나중에 [숙련된 사용자 안내서: 향상된 미들웨어](../advanced/middleware.md)에서 확인할 수 있습니다.