Abgesehen von normalen einfachen Typen wie `str`, `int`, `float`, usw. können Sie komplexere einfache Typen verwenden, die von `str` erben.

Um alle Optionen kennenzulernen, die Sie haben, schauen Sie sich <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/types/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantics Typübersicht</a> an. Sie werden einige Beispiele im nächsten Kapitel kennenlernen.

它基于 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>， 而HTTPX又是基于Requests设计的，所以很相似且易懂。

有了它，你可以直接与**FastAPI**一起使用 <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pytest</a>。

## 使用 `TestClient`

/// info | 信息

要使用 `TestClient`，先要安装 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">`httpx`</a>.

labels.file_crawling_configuration=File Crawling
labels.file_crawling_title_details=File Crawling Config
labels.included_paths=Included Paths
labels.excluded_paths=Excluded Paths
labels.included_doc_paths=Included Doc Paths
labels.excluded_doc_paths=Excluded Doc Paths
labels.config_parameter=Config Parameters
labels.max_access_count=Max Access Count
labels.number_of_thread=Number of Threads
labels.interval_time=Interval
labels.millisec=msec

import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathNodes;

import org.codelibs.fess.crawler.exception.CrawlerSystemException;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;

/**
 * The XPathAPI class provides methods to evaluate XPath expressions and select nodes or node lists from an XML document.

   * knowledge that the server supports cleartext HTTP/2.
   *
   * See also [Starting HTTP/2 with Prior Knowledge][rfc_7540_34].
   *
   * [rfc_7540_34]: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#autoid-10
   */
  H2_PRIOR_KNOWLEDGE("h2_prior_knowledge"),

  /**
   * QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connection) is a new multiplexed and secure transport atop UDP,

Це можна досягти за допомогою <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/validators/#field-after-validator" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic's `AfterValidator`</a> в середині `Annotated`.

/// tip | Підказка

FastAPI використовує `.dict()` моделі Pydantic з <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/1.10/usage/exporting_models/#modeldict" class="external-link" target="_blank">параметром `exclude_unset`</a>, щоб досягти цього.

///

/// info | Інформація

Ви також можете використовувати:

* `response_model_exclude_defaults=True`
* `response_model_exclude_none=True`

次のようなJSONレスポンスが表示されます:

```JSON
{"message": "Hello World"}
```

### 対話的APIドキュメント

次に、<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>にアクセスします。

自動生成された対話的APIドキュメントが表示されます (<a href="https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui" class="external-link" target="_blank">Swagger UI</a>で提供):

import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Static convenience methods that serve the same purpose as Java language <a
 * href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/language/assert.html">assertions</a>,
 * except that they are always enabled. These methods should be used instead of Java assertions
 * whenever there is a chance the check may fail "in real life". Example:

            "org/jetbrains/annotations",
            "org/jspecify/annotations",
            "org/slf4j",
            "org/apache/log4j",
            "org/apache/xerces",
            "org/w3c/dom",
            "org/xml/sax",
            "sun/misc"
        )

        // Things we do want to shade despite being covered by excludes
        val DEFAULT_INCLUDES: List<String> = listOf(