import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.collect.testing.AbstractMapTester;
import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.CollectionSize;
import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.MapFeature;
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**

 */
package org.apache.maven.settings.io;

import javax.inject.Named;
import javax.inject.Singleton;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;

import org.apache.maven.api.settings.InputSource;
import org.apache.maven.settings.Settings;

 */
package org.codelibs.fess.query;

import static org.codelibs.core.stream.StreamUtil.stream;

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
import org.apache.lucene.search.PhraseQuery;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
import org.codelibs.fess.Constants;
import org.codelibs.fess.entity.QueryContext;
import org.codelibs.fess.exception.InvalidQueryException;

from starlette.datastructures import State
from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException
from starlette.middleware import Middleware
from starlette.middleware.base import BaseHTTPMiddleware
from starlette.requests import Request
from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse, JSONResponse, Response
from starlette.routing import BaseRoute
from starlette.types import ASGIApp, Lifespan, Receive, Scope, Send

因此，有些第三方 ASGI 中间件的文档推荐以如下方式使用中间件：

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

但 FastAPI（实际上是 Starlette）提供了一种更简单的方式，能让内部中间件在处理服务器错误的同时，还能让自定义异常处理器正常运作。

为此，要使用 `app.add_middleware()` （与 CORS 中的示例一样）。

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = FastAPI()

package com.google.common.collect.testing.google;

import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.FIELD;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.PARAMETER;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE;
import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;

package com.google.common.collect.testing.testers;

import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.FIELD;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.PARAMETER;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE;
import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;

 */

package com.google.common.math;

import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.FIELD;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.PARAMETER;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE;
import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;

package org.codelibs.fess.crawler.helper.impl;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.tika.metadata.Metadata;
import org.apache.tika.mime.MediaType;
import org.apache.tika.mime.MimeTypes;
import org.apache.tika.mime.MimeTypesFactory;
import org.codelibs.core.lang.StringUtil;
import org.codelibs.fess.crawler.entity.ExtractData;

 */
package org.apache.maven.artifact.transform;

import javax.inject.Inject;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.maven.repository.legacy.resolver.transform.ArtifactTransformation;
import org.apache.maven.repository.legacy.resolver.transform.ArtifactTransformationManager;
import org.apache.maven.repository.legacy.resolver.transform.LatestArtifactTransformation;