from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    full_name: str | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item, user: User):

from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel, HttpUrl

app = FastAPI()


class Image(BaseModel):
    url: HttpUrl
    name: str


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None
    tags: set[str] = set()
    images: list[Image] | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

app = FastAPI()


def query_extractor(q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return q


def query_or_cookie_extractor(
    q: Annotated[str, Depends(query_extractor)],
    last_query: Annotated[Union[str, None], Cookie()] = None,
):
    if not q:
        return last_query
    return q


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_query(
    query_or_default: Annotated[str, Depends(query_or_cookie_extractor)],
):

    * In requests and responses will be represented as a `str`.
* `datetime.datetime`:
    * A Python `datetime.datetime`.
    * In requests and responses will be represented as a `str` in ISO 8601 format, like: `2008-09-15T15:53:00+05:00`.
* `datetime.date`:
    * Python `datetime.date`.
    * In requests and responses will be represented as a `str` in ISO 8601 format, like: `2008-09-15`.
* `datetime.time`:

from fastapi import Body, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    full_name: str | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str | None = None
    description: str | None = None
    price: float | None = None
    tax: float = 10.5
    tags: list[str] = []


items = {
    "foo": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.2},
    "bar": {"name": "Bar", "description": "The bartenders", "price": 62, "tax": 20.2},

    @app.get("/items/")
    async def read_items(api_key: str = Depends(query_scheme)):
        return {"api_key": api_key}
    ```
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        *,
        name: Annotated[
            str,
            Doc("Query parameter name."),
        ],
        scheme_name: Annotated[
            Optional[str],
            Doc(
                """

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

Wenn Sie `Optional[str]` anstelle von nur `str` verwenden, wird Ihr Editor Ihnen dabei helfen, Fehler zu erkennen, bei denen Sie annehmen könnten, dass ein Wert immer eine String (`str`) ist, obwohl er auch `None` sein könnte.

`Optional[Something]` ist tatsächlich eine Abkürzung für `Union[Something, None]`, diese beiden sind äquivalent.

from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: float = 10.5
    tags: list[str] = []


items = {
    "foo": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.2},
    "bar": {"name": "Bar", "description": "The bartenders", "price": 62, "tax": 20.2},

@app.get("/path/param/{item_id}")
def get_path_param_id(item_id: Optional[str] = Path()):
    return item_id


@app.get("/path/param-minlength/{item_id}")
def get_path_param_min_length(item_id: str = Path(min_length=3)):
    return item_id


@app.get("/path/param-maxlength/{item_id}")
def get_path_param_max_length(item_id: str = Path(max_length=3)):
    return item_id