}
  }

  /*
   * Preconditions.checkNotNull is *intended* for performing eager null checks on parameters that a
   * nullness checker can already "prove" are non-null. That means that the first parameter to
   * checkNotNull *should* be annotated to require it to be non-null.
   *
   * However, for a variety of reasons, Google developers have written a ton of code over the past

///

## Dataclasses in `response_model` { #dataclasses-in-response-model }

You can also use `dataclasses` in the `response_model` parameter:

{* ../../docs_src/dataclasses_/tutorial002_py310.py hl[1,6:12,18] *}

The dataclass will be automatically converted to a Pydantic dataclass.

This way, its schema will show up in the API docs user interface:

## API Request

To make an STS API request with this method, send a POST request to the MinIO endpoint with following query parameters:

| Parameter       | Type    | Required |                                                                      |
|-----------------|---------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|

    /**
     * Moves the cursor up. If the parameter y is negative it moves the cursor down.
     *
     * @param y the number of lines to move up
     * @return this Ansi instance
     */
    public Ansi cursorUp(final int y) {
        return y > 0 ? appendEscapeSequence('A', y) : y < 0 ? cursorDown(-y) : this;
    }

    /**
     * Moves the cursor down. If the parameter y is negative it moves the cursor up.
     *

/**
 * An interface for representing and manipulating an origin node's adjacent nodes and edge values in
 * a {@link Graph}.
 *
 * @author James Sexton
 * @param <N> Node parameter type
 * @param <V> Value parameter type
 */
interface GraphConnections<N, V> {

  Set<N> adjacentNodes();

  Set<N> predecessors();

  Set<N> successors();

  /**
   * Returns an iterator over the incident edges.

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * An implementation of {@link NetworkConnections} for directed networks.
 *
 * @author James Sexton
 * @param <N> Node parameter type
 * @param <E> Edge parameter type
 */
final class DirectedNetworkConnections<N, E> extends AbstractDirectedNetworkConnections<N, E> {

  DirectedNetworkConnections(Map<E, N> inEdgeMap, Map<E, N> outEdgeMap, int selfLoopCount) {

The `lifespan` parameter of the `FastAPI` app takes an **async context manager**, so we can pass our new `lifespan` async context manager to it.

{* ../../docs_src/events/tutorial003_py310.py hl[22] *}

## Alternative Events (deprecated) { #alternative-events-deprecated }

/// warning

# WebSockets

When defining WebSockets, you normally declare a parameter of type `WebSocket` and with it you can read data from the client and send data to it.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for WebSockets](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/websockets/)

It is provided directly by Starlette, but you can import it from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import WebSocket
```

/// tip

      pos = value.indexOfElement("=,;", pos)
      val directive = value.substring(tokenStart, pos).trim()
      val parameter: String?

      if (pos == value.length || value[pos] == ',' || value[pos] == ';') {
        pos++ // Consume ',' or ';' (if necessary).
        parameter = null
      } else {
        pos++ // Consume '='.
        pos = value.indexOfNonWhitespace(pos)

## Using `BackgroundTasks` { #using-backgroundtasks }

First, import `BackgroundTasks` and define a parameter in your *path operation function* with a type declaration of `BackgroundTasks`:

{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001_py310.py hl[1,13] *}

**FastAPI** will create the object of type `BackgroundTasks` for you and pass it as that parameter.

## Create a task function { #create-a-task-function }