## `Union`または`anyOf`

レスポンスを２つの型の`Union`として宣言することができます。

OpenAPIでは`anyOf`で定義されます。

そのためには、標準的なPythonの型ヒント<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>を使用します:

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial003.py hl[1,14,15,18,19,20,33] *}

## モデルのリスト

同じように、オブジェクトのリストのレスポンスを宣言することができます。

在不共享逻辑或变量的不同函数中处理这些逻辑比较困难，因为你需要在全局变量中存储值或使用类似的方式。

因此，推荐使用 `lifespan` 。

## 技术细节

只是为好奇者提供的技术细节。🤓

在底层，这部分是<a href="https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/specs/lifespan.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">生命周期协议</a>的一部分，参见 ASGI 技术规范，定义了称为启动（`startup`）和关闭（`shutdown`）的事件。

/// info | 说明

}

func runDNSCache(ctx *cli.Context) {
	dnsTTL := ctx.Duration("dns-cache-ttl")
	// Check if we have configured a custom DNS cache TTL.
	if dnsTTL <= 0 {
		if orchestrated {
			dnsTTL = 30 * time.Second
		} else {
			dnsTTL = 10 * time.Minute
		}
	}

	// Call to refresh will refresh names in cache.

```Python hl_lines="3"
import os

name = os.getenv("MY_NAME", "World")
print(f"Hello {name} from Python")
```

/// tip

第二个参数是 <a href="https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3.8/library/os.html#os.getenv" class="external-link" target="_blank">`os.getenv()`</a> 的默认返回值。

如果没有提供，默认值为 `None`，这里我们提供 `"World"` 作为默认值。

///

然后你可以调用这个 Python 程序：

//// tab | Linux, macOS, Windows Bash

<div class="termy">

i.e. standalone or distributed or gateway (nas,gcs) ## Distributed MinIO ref: https://docs.minio.io/docs/distributed-minio-quickstart-guide ## NAS Gateway MinIO ref: https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-gateway-for-nas.html ## GCS Gateway MinIO ref: https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-gateway-for-gcs.html mode: distributed ## NOTE: currently only "nas,gcs" gateways are supported. ## Additional labels to include with deployment or statefulset additionalLabels: [] ## Additional annotations to include with deployment...

 * find it easier to use a framework. Frameworks automate the process, often adding features like
 * monitoring, debugging, and cancellation. Examples of frameworks include:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li><a href="https://dagger.dev/producers.html">Dagger Producers</a>
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>If you do chain your operations manually, you may want to use {@link FluentFuture}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Nishant Thakkar
 * @author Sven Mawson

 *  **`COMPATIBLE_TLS` no longer supports SSLv3.** In response to the
    [POODLE](https://googleonlinesecurity.blogspot.ca/2014/10/this-poodle-bites-exploiting-ssl-30.html)
    vulnerability, OkHttp no longer offers SSLv3 when negotiation an
    HTTPS connection. If you continue to need to connect to webservers
    running SSLv3, you must manually configure your own `ConnectionSpec`.

{* ../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial006.py hl[7] *}

/// info | 정보

이전에 `...`를 본적이 없다면: 특별한 단일값으로, <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/constants.html#Ellipsis" class="external-link" target="_blank">파이썬의 일부이며 "Ellipsis"라 부릅니다</a>.

///

이렇게 하면 **FastAPI**가 이 매개변수는 필수임을 알 수 있습니다.

## 쿼리 매개변수 리스트 / 다중값

```Python hl_lines="3"
import os

name = os.getenv("MY_NAME", "World")
print(f"Hello {name} from Python")
```

/// tip

第二個參數是 <a href="https://docs.python.org/zh-tw/3.8/library/os.html#os.getenv" class="external-link" target="_blank">`os.getenv()`</a> 的預設回傳值。

如果沒有提供，預設值為 `None`，這裡我們提供 `"World"` 作為預設值。

///

然後你可以呼叫這個 Python 程式：

//// tab | Linux, macOS, Windows Bash

<div class="termy">

 * and {@link java.net.InetAddress}. The name resolution mechanisms
 * used will systematically query all available configured resolution
 * services including WINS, broadcasts, DNS, and LMHOSTS. See
 * <a href="../../resolver.html">Setting Name Resolution Properties</a>
 * and the <code>jcifs.smb1.resolveOrder</code> property. Changing
 * jCIFS name resolution properties can greatly affect the behavior of
 * the client and may be necessary for proper operation.