return asByteSource(url).asCharSource(charset);
  }

  /**
   * Reads all bytes from a URL into a byte array.
   *
   * @param url the URL to read from
   * @return a byte array containing all the bytes from the URL
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
   */
  public static byte[] toByteArray(URL url) throws IOException {
    return asByteSource(url).read();
  }

  /**

	v := BaseOptions{}
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		v.MarshalMsg(nil)
	}
}

func BenchmarkAppendMsgBaseOptions(b *testing.B) {
	v := BaseOptions{}
	bts := make([]byte, 0, v.Msgsize())
	bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	b.SetBytes(int64(len(bts)))
	b.ReportAllocs()
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		bts, _ = v.MarshalMsg(bts[0:0])
	}
}

	tests := []struct {
		name    string
		data    []byte
		wantIdx bool
	}{
		{name: "empty", data: nil},
		{name: "small", data: []byte("hello, world!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!")},
		{name: "large", data: bytes.Repeat([]byte("hello, world"), 1000000), wantIdx: true},
	}

	for _, tt := range tests {
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {

			return false
		}
	}
	return true
}

// A list of Go types that should be converted to SQL primitives
var convertibleTypes = []reflect.Type{reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}), reflect.TypeOf(false), reflect.TypeOf([]byte{})}

// RegEx matches only numeric values
var numericPlaceholderRe = regexp.MustCompile(`\$\d+\$`)

func isNumeric(k reflect.Kind) bool {
	switch k {

// Store - Used to persist items.
type Store[I any] interface {
	Put(item I) (Key, error)
	PutMultiple(item []I) (Key, error)
	Get(key Key) (I, error)
	GetMultiple(key Key) ([]I, error)
	GetRaw(key Key) ([]byte, error)
	PutRaw(b []byte) (Key, error)
	Len() int
	List() []Key
	Del(key Key) error
	Open() error
	Delete() error
}

// Key denotes the key present in the store.
type Key struct {
	Name      string
	Compress  bool

    assertEquals(Character.valueOf('\0'), ArbitraryInstances.get(Character.class));
    assertEquals(Byte.valueOf((byte) 0), ArbitraryInstances.get(byte.class));
    assertEquals(Byte.valueOf((byte) 0), ArbitraryInstances.get(Byte.class));
    assertEquals(Short.valueOf((short) 0), ArbitraryInstances.get(short.class));
    assertEquals(Short.valueOf((short) 0), ArbitraryInstances.get(Short.class));

func DisableDirectIO(f *os.File) error {
	return nil
}

// AlignedBlock simply returns an unaligned buffer
// for systems that do not support DirectIO.
func AlignedBlock(blockSize int) []byte {
	return make([]byte, blockSize)

		if publicKey == nil {
			w.Write([]byte{1})
			w.Write(key[:])
		}

		stream, err := sio.AES_256_GCM.Stream(key[:])
		if err != nil {
			bugLogIf(ctx, err)
			return
		}
		// Zero nonce, we only use each key once, and 32 bytes is plenty.
		nonce := make([]byte, stream.NonceSize())
		encw := stream.EncryptWriter(w, nonce, nil)
		defer encw.Close()

   *
   * @param buf the byte array containing the data to process
   * @param off the initial offset into the array
   * @param len the length of data to be processed
   * @return true to continue processing, false to stop
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // some uses know that their processor never returns false
  boolean processBytes(byte[] buf, int off, int len) throws IOException;

     * </p>
     *
     * @param inData
     *            The data to encode
     * @return The encoded data, or an empty string if the input is null or empty
     */
    public static String encode(final byte[] inData) {
        if (ArrayUtil.isEmpty(inData)) {
            return "";
        }
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(inData);
    }

    /**
     * Decodes data encoded in Base64.
     * <p>