* `Field(index=True)` は、この列に対して SQL のインデックスを作成するよう SQLModel に指示します。これにより、この列でフィルタしてデータを読む場合に検索が高速になります。

    `str` と宣言されたものは、SQL の `TEXT`（データベースによっては `VARCHAR`）型の列になることを SQLModel は理解します。

### Engine の作成 { #create-an-engine }

SQLModel の `engine`（内部的には SQLAlchemy の `engine`）は、データベースへの接続を保持します。

同じデータベースに接続するために、コード全体で 1 つの `engine` オブジェクトを共有します。

        "/optional-list-uploadfile",
    ],
)
def test_optional_list_missing(path: str):
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.post(path)
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"file_size": None}


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "path",
    [
        "/optional-list-bytes",
        "/optional-list-uploadfile",
    ],
)

    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"scheme": "Bearer", "credentials": "foobar"}


def test_security_http_bearer_no_credentials():
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 401, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}

    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"scheme": "Digest", "credentials": "foobar"}


def test_security_http_digest_no_credentials():
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 401, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}

    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"id": "foo", "value": "there goes my hero"}


@workdir_lock
def test_path_operation_img(client: TestClient):
    shutil.copy("./docs/en/docs/img/favicon.png", "./image.png")
    response = client.get("/items/foo?img=1")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.headers["Content-Type"] == "image/png"

def test_put_no_body():
    response = client.put("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": "foo"}


def test_put_no_body_with_body():
    response = client.put("/items/foo", json={"name": "Foo"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": "foo"}


def test_openapi_schema():

    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"username": "secret"}


def test_security_api_key_no_key():
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"msg": "Create an account first"}


def test_openapi_schema():

    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"scheme": "Bearer", "credentials": "foobar"}


def test_security_http_bearer_no_credentials():
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 401, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}

.text-md-center {\n    text-align: center !important;\n  }\n}\n\n@media (min-width: 992px) {\n  .text-lg-left {\n    text-align: left !important;\n  }\n  .text-lg-right {\n    text-align: right !important;\n  }\n  .text-lg-center {\n    text-align: center !important;\n  }\n}\n\n@media (min-width: 1200px) {\n  .text-xl-left {\n    text-align: left !important;\n  }\n  .text-xl-right {\n    text-align: right !important;\n  }\n  .text-xl-center {\n    text-align: center !important;\n  }\n}\n\n.text-lowercase...

)
def test_required_alias_by_alias(path: str):
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.post(path, data={"p_alias": "hello"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"p": "hello"}


# =====================================================================================
# Validation alias