```Python hl_lines="1  18"
{!../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002.py!}
```

## Notes

When you return a `Response` directly its data is not validated, converted (serialized), nor documented automatically.

But you can still document it as described in [Additional Responses in OpenAPI](additional-responses.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

// CertificateSigningRequestSpec contains the certificate request.
message CertificateSigningRequestSpec {
  // request contains an x509 certificate signing request encoded in a "CERTIFICATE REQUEST" PEM block.
  // When serialized as JSON or YAML, the data is additionally base64-encoded.
  // +listType=atomic
  optional bytes request = 1;

  // signerName indicates the requested signer, and is a qualified name.
  //

    return proxyClass.isInstance(arg)
        // Equal proxy instances should mostly be instance of proxyClass
        // Under some edge cases (such as the proxy of JDK types serialized and then deserialized)
        // the proxy type may not be the same.
        // We first check isProxyClass() so that the common case of comparing with non-proxy objects
        // is efficient.

			if err != nil {
				err = msgp.WrapError(err)
				return
			}
		}
	}
	o = bts
	return
}

// Msgsize returns an upper bound estimate of the number of bytes occupied by the serialized message
func (z RStat) Msgsize() (s int) {
	s = 1 + 6 + msgp.Int64Size + 6 + msgp.Int64Size
	return
}

// DecodeMsg implements msgp.Decodable
func (z *RTimedMetrics) DecodeMsg(dc *msgp.Reader) (err error) {

   * exercise null handling fail on those subcollections.
   */
  public abstract static class NullsBefore implements Comparator<@Nullable String>, Serializable {
    /*
     * We don't serialize this class in GWT, so we don't care about whether GWT will serialize this
     * field.
     */
    @GwtTransient private final String justAfterNull;

    protected NullsBefore(String justAfterNull) {
      if (justAfterNull == null) {

   * exercise null handling fail on those subcollections.
   */
  public abstract static class NullsBefore implements Comparator<@Nullable String>, Serializable {
    /*
     * We don't serialize this class in GWT, so we don't care about whether GWT will serialize this
     * field.
     */
    @GwtTransient private final String justAfterNull;

    protected NullsBefore(String justAfterNull) {
      if (justAfterNull == null) {

	"github.com/minio/minio/internal/s3select/sql"
)

// RawJSON is a byte-slice that contains valid JSON
type RawJSON []byte

// MarshalJSON instance for []byte that assumes that byte-slice is
// already serialized JSON
func (b RawJSON) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
	return b, nil
}

// Record - is JSON record.
type Record struct {
	// Used in Set(), Marshal*()
	KVS jstream.KVS

    `com.google.guava:failureaccess:1.0.2`. It also has
    [some annotation-only dependencies][guava-deps], which we discuss in more
    detail at that link.

4.  Serialized forms of ALL objects are subject to change unless noted
    otherwise. Do not persist these and assume they can be read by a future
    version of the library.

			if err != nil {
				err = msgp.WrapError(err)
				return
			}
		}
	}
	o = bts
	return
}

// Msgsize returns an upper bound estimate of the number of bytes occupied by the serialized message
func (z *WalkDirOptions) Msgsize() (s int) {

		} else {
			versions = append(versions, fi)
			allVersionIDs = append(allVersionIDs, fi.VersionID)
		}
	}
	buf, err := xl.AppendTo(nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Failed to serialize xlmeta %v", err)
	}
	fivs, err := getFileInfoVersions(buf, basefi.Volume, basefi.Name, false)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("getFileInfoVersions failed: %v", err)
	}
	chkNumVersions := func(fis []FileInfo) bool {