}

repositories {
  mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
  // TODO (https://github.com/square/okhttp/issues/8612) we will need a consistent version
  // 7.1.0 is used because it avoids this error
  // Could not create an instance of type aQute.bnd.gradle.BundleTaskExtension.
  // Cannot change attributes of configuration ':native-image-tests:compileClasspath' after it has been locked for mutation

It would also mean that if you get data from the `Request` object directly (for example, read the body) it won't be validated, converted or documented (with OpenAPI, for the automatic API user interface) by FastAPI.

Although any other parameter declared normally (for example, the body with a Pydantic model) would still be validated, converted, annotated, etc.

    /**
     * Return the sAMAccountName of this SID unless it could not
     * be resolved in which case the numeric RID is returned. If this
     * SID is a domain SID, this method will return an empty String.
     *
     * @return the account name
     */
    String getAccountName();

    /**
     * Return the domain name of this SID unless it could not be

 * }
 * }
 *
 * @author Ben Yu
 * @since 12.0
 */
/*
 * A nullable bound would let users create a TypeParameter instance for a parameter with a nullable
 * bound. However, it would also let them create `new TypeParameter<@Nullable T>() {}`, which
 * wouldn't behave as users might expect. Additionally, it's not clear how the TypeToken API could
 * support even a "normal" `TypeParameter<T>` when `<T>` has a nullable bound. (See the discussion

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial008b.py!}
```

////

In both cases this means that `item` could be an `int` or a `str`.

#### Possibly `None` { #possibly-none }

You can declare that a value could have a type, like `str`, but that it could also be `None`.

In Python 3.6 and above (including Python 3.10) you can declare it by importing and using `Optional` from the `typing` module.

In the next chapter about [FastAPI in Containers - Docker](docker.md){.internal-link target=_blank} I'll explain some strategies you could use to handle the other **deployment concepts**.

I'll show you how to **build your own image from scratch** to run a single Uvicorn process. It is a simple process and is probably what you would want to do when using a distributed container management system like **Kubernetes**.

## Recap { #recap }

   * to stop requests. You could poll for lifecycle changes in a work loop:
   *
   * <pre>
   *   public void run() {
   *     while ({@link #isRunning()}) {
   *       // perform a unit of work
   *     }
   *   }
   * </pre>
   *
   * <p>...or you could respond to stop requests by implementing {@link #triggerShutdown()}, which

As seen in [Return a Response directly](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, you can also override the response directly in your *path operation*, by returning it.

The same example from above, returning an `HTMLResponse`, could look like:

{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial003.py hl[2,7,19] *}

/// warning

    /*
     * requireNonNull is safe because this is called from the constructor after `futures` is set but
     * before releaseResources could be called (because we have not yet set up any of the listeners
     * that could call it, nor exposed this Future for users to call cancel() on).
     */
    requireNonNull(futures);

    // Corner case: List is empty.
    if (futures.isEmpty()) {
      handleAllCompleted();

     * </p>
     *
     * @param targetClass the target class (must not be {@literal null})
     * @return the class loader
     * @throws IllegalStateException if the class loader could not be obtained
     */
    public static ClassLoader getClassLoader(final Class<?> targetClass) {
        assertArgumentNotNull("targetClass", targetClass);