// 1. Tests on a hardcoded dataset for chains starting with median(), quartiles(), and scale(10):

  /** The squares of the 16 integers from 0 to 15, in an arbitrary order. */
  private static final ImmutableList<Double> SIXTEEN_SQUARES_DOUBLES =
      ImmutableList.of(
          25.0, 100.0, 0.0, 144.0, 9.0, 121.0, 4.0, 225.0, 169.0, 64.0, 49.0, 16.0, 36.0, 1.0, 81.0,
          196.0);

  // 1. Tests on a hardcoded dataset for chains starting with median(), quartiles(), and scale(10):

  /** The squares of the 16 integers from 0 to 15, in an arbitrary order. */
  private static final ImmutableList<Double> SIXTEEN_SQUARES_DOUBLES =
      ImmutableList.of(
          25.0, 100.0, 0.0, 144.0, 9.0, 121.0, 4.0, 225.0, 169.0, 64.0, 49.0, 16.0, 36.0, 1.0, 81.0,
          196.0);

### Invalid Return Type Annotations { #invalid-return-type-annotations }

But when you return some other arbitrary object that is not a valid Pydantic type (e.g. a database object) and you annotate it like that in the function, FastAPI will try to create a Pydantic response model from that type annotation, and will fail.

    /*
     * This code performs one System.nanoTime() more than necessary, and in return, the time to
     * execute Queue#drainTo is not added *on top* of waiting for the timeout (which could make
     * the timeout arbitrarily inaccurate, given a queue that is slow to drain).
     */
    long deadline = System.nanoTime() + unit.toNanos(timeout);
    int added = 0;
    while (added < numElements) {

    Set<EndpointPair<Integer>> n2IncidentEdges = graph.incidentEdges(N2);
    assertThat(graphAsMutableGraph.removeNode(N1)).isTrue();

    // The choice of the size() method to call here is arbitrary.  We assume that if any of the Set
    // methods executes the validation check, they all will, and thus we only need to test one of
    // them to ensure that the validation check happens and has the expected behavior.

   * {@code actual} can be {@code Map<K, V>} and {@code Map<String, Integer>} respectively, or they
   * can be {@code E[]} and {@code String[]} respectively, or even any arbitrary combination
   * thereof.
   *
   * @param formal The type whose type variables or itself is mapped to other type(s). It's almost

import com.google.common.primitives.UnsignedInts;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * An immutable hash code of arbitrary bit length.
 *
 * @author Dimitris Andreou
 * @author Kurt Alfred Kluever
 * @since 11.0
 */
public abstract class HashCode {
  HashCode() {}

                * Documentation: the generated OpenAPI (and the UI at `/docs`) will
                    show it as the response (JSON Schema).
                * Serialization: you could return an arbitrary object and the
                    `response_model` would be used to serialize that object into the
                    corresponding JSON.
                * Filtering: the JSON sent to the client will only contain the data

    // Service b startup takes at least 353 millis, but starting the timer is delayed by at least
    // 150 milliseconds. so in a perfect world the timing would be 353-150=203ms, but since either
    // of our sleep calls can be arbitrarily delayed we should just assert that there is a time
    // recorded.
    assertThat(startupTimes.get(b)).isNotNull();
  }

  public void testServiceStartStop() {
    Service a = new NoOpService();

    Object[] params = new Object[sig.size()];
    params[0] = firstParam;
    if (params.length > 1) {
      params[1] = "";
      if (params.length > 2) {
        // fill in the rest of the array with arbitrary instances
        for (int i = 2; i < params.length; i++) {
          params[i] = ArbitraryInstances.get(sig.get(i));
        }
      }
    }
    return params;
  }