<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install pytest

---> 100%
```

</div>

It will detect the files and tests automatically, execute them, and report the results back to you.

Run the tests with:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pytest

================ test session starts ================
platform linux -- Python 3.6.9, pytest-5.3.5, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1

import pytest
from fastapi import APIRouter


def test_router_circular_import():
    router = APIRouter()

    with pytest.raises(
        AssertionError,
        match="Cannot include the same APIRouter instance into itself. Did you mean to include a different router?",
    ):

You can run your tests as usual via:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pytest

---> 100%
```

</div>

## In Detail { #in-detail }

The marker `@pytest.mark.anyio` tells pytest that this test function should be called asynchronously:

{* ../../docs_src/async_tests/app_a_py310/test_main.py hl[7] *}

/// tip

Note that the test function is now `async def` instead of just `def` as before when using the `TestClient`.

在測試中能使用非同步函式會很有用，例如當你以非同步方式查詢資料庫時。想像你想測試發送請求到 FastAPI 應用，然後在使用非同步資料庫函式庫時，驗證後端是否成功把正確資料寫入資料庫。

來看看怎麼做。

## pytest.mark.anyio { #pytest-mark-anyio }

若要在測試中呼叫非同步函式，測試函式本身也必須是非同步的。AnyIO 為此提供了一個好用的外掛，讓我們可以標示某些測試函式以非同步方式執行。

## HTTPX { #httpx }

即使你的 FastAPI 應用使用一般的 `def` 函式而非 `async def`，它在底層仍然是個 `async` 應用。

`TestClient` 在內部做了一些魔法，讓我們能在一般的 `def` 測試函式中，使用標準 pytest 來呼叫非同步的 FastAPI 應用。但當我們在非同步函式中使用它時，這個魔法就不再奏效了。也就是說，當以非同步方式執行測試時，就不能在測試函式內使用 `TestClient`。

from typing import Annotated

import pytest
from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, Path
from fastapi.param_functions import Query
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


def test_no_annotated_defaults():
    with pytest.raises(
        AssertionError, match="Path parameters cannot have a default value"
    ):

        @app.get("/items/{item_id}/")
        async def get_item(item_id: Annotated[int, Path(default=1)]):

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@pytest.mark.parametrize("client", [True, False], indirect=True)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("path", ["/", "/responses"])
def test_get(client: TestClient, path: str):
    response = client.get(path)
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"width": 3, "length": 4, "area": 12}


@pytest.mark.parametrize("client", [True, False], indirect=True)

import warnings

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
from fastapi.responses import ORJSONResponse, UJSONResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float


# ORJSON


def _make_orjson_app() -> FastAPI:
    with warnings.catch_warnings():

from pathlib import Path

import pytest
from typer.testing import CliRunner

from scripts.translation_fixer import cli

data_path = Path(
    "scripts/tests/test_translation_fixer/test_header_permalinks/data"
).absolute()


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "copy_test_files",
    [(f"{data_path}/en_doc.md", f"{data_path}/translated_doc_number_gt.md")],
    indirect=True,
)
def test_gt(runner: CliRunner, root_dir: Path, copy_test_files):

from typing import Any

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot
from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    app = FastAPI()

    class ModelWithRef(BaseModel):
        ref: str = Field(validation_alias="$ref", serialization_alias="$ref")

    "pyjwt >=2.9.0",
    "pytest >=9.0.0",
    "pytest-codspeed >=4.2.0",
    "pyyaml >=5.3.1,<7.0.0",
    "sqlmodel >=0.0.31",
    "strawberry-graphql >=0.200.0,<1.0.0",
    "ty>=0.0.9",
    "types-orjson >=3.6.2",
    "types-ujson >=5.10.0.20240515",
    "a2wsgi >=1.9.0,<=2.0.0",
    "pytest-xdist[psutil]>=2.5.0",
    "pytest-cov>=4.0.0",
    "pytest-sugar>=1.0.0",
    "pytest-timeout>=2.4.0",
]