): Int {
  // Do the binary searching bit.
  var low = position
  var high = limit - 1
  while (low <= high) {
    val mid = (low + high) / 2
    val compareResult = compare(mid)
    when {
      compareResult < 0 -> high = mid - 1
      compareResult > 0 -> low = mid + 1
      else -> return mid // Match!
    }
  }

  return -low - 1 // insertionPoint is before the first element.

     *            The array of character types.
     * @param low
     *            The lower bound of the character range (inclusive).
     * @param hi
     *            The upper bound of the character range (inclusive).
     */
    protected static void wordChars(final byte[] ctype2, int low, int hi) {
        if (low < 0) {
            low = 0;
        }
        if (hi >= ctype2.length) {

    private fun ByteString.binarySearch(
      labels: Array<ByteString>,
      labelIndex: Int,
    ): String? {
      var low = 0
      var high = size
      var match: String? = null
      while (low < high) {
        var mid = (low + high) / 2
        // Search for a '\n' that marks the start of a value. Don't go back past the start of the
        // array.

      result +=
        when {
          c.isSurrogate() -> {
            val low = (if (i + 1 < limit) this[i + 1] else '\u0000')
            if (c.isLowSurrogate() || !low.isLowSurrogate()) {
              '?'.code
            } else {
              i++
              0x010000 + (c.code and 0x03ff shl 10 or (low.code and 0x03ff))
            }
          }

          else -> c.code
        }

   *         <li><b>If the next character was a valid low surrogate, the code point value of the
   *             high/low surrogate pair is returned.</b>
   *         <li>If the next character was not a low surrogate value, then {@link
   *             IllegalArgumentException} is thrown.
   *       </ol>
   *   <li>If the first character was a low surrogate value, {@link IllegalArgumentException} is
   *       thrown.

   *         <li><b>If the next character was a valid low surrogate, the code point value of the
   *             high/low surrogate pair is returned.</b>
   *         <li>If the next character was not a low surrogate value, then {@link
   *             IllegalArgumentException} is thrown.
   *       </ol>
   *   <li>If the first character was a low surrogate value, {@link IllegalArgumentException} is
   *       thrown.

   * returns the low 32 bits of the result.
   *
   * @since 14.0
   */
  public UnsignedInteger plus(UnsignedInteger val) {
    return fromIntBits(this.value + checkNotNull(val).value);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the result of subtracting this and {@code val}. If the result would be negative,
   * returns the low 32 bits of the result.
   *
   * @since 14.0
   */

   * returns the low 64 bits of the result.
   *
   * @since 14.0
   */
  public UnsignedLong plus(UnsignedLong val) {
    return fromLongBits(this.value + checkNotNull(val).value);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the result of subtracting this and {@code val}. If the result would have more than 64
   * bits, returns the low 64 bits of the result.
   *
   * @since 14.0
   */

  private static long shiftMix(long val) {
    return val ^ (val >>> 47);
  }

  /** Implementation of Hash128to64 from util/hash/hash128to64.h */
  @VisibleForTesting
  static long hash128to64(long high, long low) {
    long a = (low ^ high) * K3;
    a ^= a >>> 47;
    long b = (high ^ a) * K3;
    b ^= b >>> 47;
    b *= K3;
    return b;
  }

  /**

    // center will be at either low or high.
    int low = requiredFrom;
    int high = requiredTo;
    while (high > low + 1) {
      int mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
      if (allRequired[mid] > centerFloor) {
        high = mid;
      } else if (allRequired[mid] < centerFloor) {
        low = mid;
      } else {