不过也不用担心，前端仍可以显示终端用户所需的名称。

数据库模型也可以使用所需的名称。

但对于登录*路径操作*，则要使用兼容规范的 `username` 和 `password`，（例如，实现与 API 文档集成）。

该规范要求必须以表单数据形式发送 `username` 和 `password`，因此，不能使用 JSON 对象。

### `Scope`（作用域）

OAuth2 还支持客户端发送**`scope`**表单字段。

虽然表单字段的名称是 `scope`（单数），但实际上，它是以空格分隔的，由多个**scope**组成的长字符串。

**作用域**只是不带空格的字符串。

常用于声明指定安全权限，例如：

* 常见用例为，`users:read` 或 `users:write`
* 脸书和 Instagram 使用 `instagram_basic`

```

!!! note "Technical Details"
    A `Request` has a `request.scope` attribute, that's just a Python `dict` containing the metadata related to the request.

    A `Request` also has a `request.receive`, that's a function to "receive" the body of the request.

    The `scope` `dict` and `receive` function are both part of the ASGI specification.

    And those two things, `scope` and `receive`, are what is needed to create a new `Request` instance.

To add a dependency on Guava testlib using Maven, use the following:

```xml
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
  <artifactId>guava-testlib</artifactId>
  <version>33.1.0-jre</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
```

To add a dependency using Gradle:

```gradle
dependencies {
  test 'com.google.guava:guava-testlib:33.1.0-jre'
}
```

## Links

import org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.scope.ManagedDependencyContextRefiner;
import org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.scope.ManagedScopeDeriver;
import org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.scope.ManagedScopeSelector;
import org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.scope.OptionalDependencySelector;
import org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.scope.ScopeDependencySelector;
import org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.scope.ScopeManagerImpl;

	"istio.io/istio/pkg/log"
)

// installerScope is the scope for all commands in the mesh package.
var installerScope = log.RegisterScope("installer", "installer")

func init() {
	// adding to remove message about the controller-runtime logs not getting displayed
	// We cannot do this in the `log` package since it would place a runtime dependency on controller-runtime for all binaries.

        return createArtifact(groupId, artifactId, version, null, packaging);
    }

    public Artifact createArtifact(String groupId, String artifactId, String version, String scope, String type) {
        return new DefaultArtifact(groupId, artifactId, version, scope, type, null, new TestArtifactHandler(type));
    }

    public ArtifactRepository createArtifactRepository(
            String id,
            String url,

	IstioConfig = env.Register("ISTIOCONFIG", defaultIstioctlConfig,
		"Default values for istioctl flags").Get()

	LoggingOptions = defaultLogOptions()

	// scope is for dev logging.  Warning: log levels are not set by --log_output_level until command is Run().
	Scope = log.RegisterScope("cli", "istioctl")
)

func defaultLogOptions() *log.Options {
	o := log.DefaultOptions()

```Python hl_lines="18-26"
{!../../../docs_src/custom_request_and_route/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! note "技术细节"

    `Request` 的 `request.scope` 属性是包含关联请求元数据的字典。

    `Request` 的 `request.receive` 方法是**接收**请求体的函数。

    `scope` 字典与 `receive` 函数都是 ASGI 规范的内容。

    `scope` 与 `receive` 也是创建新的 `Request` 实例所需的。

    return encoded_jwt


async def get_current_user(
    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)
):
    if security_scopes.scopes:
        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
    else:
        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",

async def get_current_user(
    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]
):
    if security_scopes.scopes:
        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
    else:
        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",