* `Path()`
* `Body()`
* `Cookie()`
* `Header()`
* `Form()`
* `File()`

You can import them all directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Body, Cookie, File, Form, Header, Path, Query
```

::: fastapi.Query

::: fastapi.Path

::: fastapi.Body

::: fastapi.Cookie

::: fastapi.Header

::: fastapi.Form

    return current_user


@app.post("/token")
async def login(form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()]):
    user_dict = fake_users_db.get(form_data.username)
    if not user_dict:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
    user = UserInDB(**user_dict)
    hashed_password = fake_hash_password(form_data.password)
    if not hashed_password == user.hashed_password:

    return current_user


@app.post("/token")
async def login(form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()]):
    user_dict = fake_users_db.get(form_data.username)
    if not user_dict:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
    user = UserInDB(**user_dict)
    hashed_password = fake_hash_password(form_data.password)
    if not hashed_password == user.hashed_password:

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi import FastAPI, Form
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from typing_extensions import Annotated

from .utils import needs_py310


def get_client():
    app = FastAPI()
    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):

        @app.post("/items/")
        async def read_items(
            q: Annotated[str | None, Form(regex="^fixedquery$")] = None,
        ):
            if q:

## 什么是 「表单数据」

与 JSON 不同，HTML 表单（`<form></form>`）向服务器发送数据通常使用「特殊」的编码。

**FastAPI** 要确保从正确的位置读取数据，而不是读取 JSON。

!!! note "技术细节"

    不包含文件时，表单数据一般用 `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`「媒体类型」编码。

    但表单包含文件时，编码为 `multipart/form-data`。使用了 `File`，**FastAPI** 就知道要从请求体的正确位置获取文件。

        }
    }

    /**
     * 指定のエンコーディング方式を使用して文字列を<code>application/x-www-form-urlencoded</code>
     * 形式に変換します。
     *
     * @param s
     *            変換対象の文字列。{@literal null}や空文字列であってはいけません
     * @param enc
     *            エンコーディング。{@literal null}や空文字列であってはいけません
     * @return <code>application/x-www-form-urlencoded</code>でエンコード文字列
     */

		}
		if existingValues, found := args[key]; found {
			args[key] = append(existingValues, values...)
		} else {
			args[key] = values
		}
	}

	cloneURLValues := make(url.Values, len(r.Form))
	for k, v := range r.Form {
		cloneURLValues[k] = v
	}

	for _, objLock := range []string{
		xhttp.AmzObjectLockMode,
		xhttp.AmzObjectLockLegalHold,
		xhttp.AmzObjectLockRetainUntilDate,
	} {

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_post_body_form(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/login/", data={"username": "Foo", "password": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"username": "Foo"}


def test_post_body_form_no_password(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/login/", data={"username": "Foo"})

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_post_body_form(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/login/", data={"username": "Foo", "password": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"username": "Foo"}


def test_post_body_form_no_password(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/login/", data={"username": "Foo"})

    **FastAPI** наследует `UploadFile` непосредственно из **Starlette**, но добавляет некоторые детали для совместимости с **Pydantic** и другими частями FastAPI.

## Про данные формы ("Form Data")

Способ, которым HTML-формы (`<form></form>`) отправляют данные на сервер, обычно использует "специальную" кодировку для этих данных, отличную от JSON.

**FastAPI** позаботится о том, чтобы считать эти данные из нужного места, а не из JSON.