CheckUser(t, *user4, user)
}

func TestNestedPreloadForSlice(t *testing.T) {
	users := []User{
		*GetUser("slice_nested_preload_1", Config{Pets: 2}),
		*GetUser("slice_nested_preload_2", Config{Pets: 0}),
		*GetUser("slice_nested_preload_3", Config{Pets: 3}),
	}

	for _, user := range users {
		for idx, pet := range user.Pets {
			pet.Toy = Toy{Name: user.Name + "_toy_nested_preload_" + strconv.Itoa(idx+1)}

		GetUser("manager-slice-belongs-to-1", Config{}),
		GetUser("manager-slice-belongs-to-2", Config{}),
		GetUser("manager-slice-belongs-to-3", Config{}),
	)
	AssertAssociationCount(t, users, "Manager", 3, "After Append")

	if err := DB.Model(&users).Association("Manager").Append(
		GetUser("manager-slice-belongs-to-test-1", Config{}),
	).Error; err == nil {

		t.Fatalf("expected err: %v got err: %v", untranslatedErr, err)
	}

	// it should translate error when the TranslateError flag is true
	db, _ = gorm.Open(tests.DummyDialector{TranslatedErr: translatedErr}, &gorm.Config{TranslateError: true})

	err = db.AddError(untranslatedErr)
	if !errors.Is(err, translatedErr) {
		t.Fatalf("expected err: %v got err: %v", translatedErr, err)
	}
}

					called = true
					db.AddError(i.BeforeUpdate(tx))
				}
			}

			return called
		})
	}
}

// Update update hook
func Update(config *Config) func(db *gorm.DB) {
	supportReturning := utils.Contains(config.UpdateClauses, "RETURNING")

	return func(db *gorm.DB) {
		if db.Error != nil {
			return
		}

		if db.Statement.Schema != nil {

type DummyDialector struct {
	TranslatedErr error
}

func (DummyDialector) Name() string {
	return "dummy"
}

func (DummyDialector) Initialize(db *gorm.DB) error {
	callbacks.RegisterDefaultCallbacks(db, &callbacks.Config{
		CreateClauses:        []string{"INSERT", "VALUES", "ON CONFLICT", "RETURNING"},
		UpdateClauses:        []string{"UPDATE", "SET", "WHERE", "RETURNING"},
		DeleteClauses:        []string{"DELETE", "FROM", "WHERE", "RETURNING"},

		tx.clone = 2
	}

	if config.DryRun {
		tx.Config.DryRun = true
	}

	if config.QueryFields {
		tx.Config.QueryFields = true
	}

	if config.Logger != nil {
		tx.Config.Logger = config.Logger
	}

	if config.NowFunc != nil {
		tx.Config.NowFunc = config.NowFunc
	}

	if config.Initialized {
		tx = tx.getInstance()
	}

	return tx
}

	// Append
	teams1 := []User{*GetUser("friend-append-1", Config{})}
	teams2 := []User{}
	teams3 := []*User{GetUser("friend-append-3-1", Config{}), GetUser("friend-append-3-2", Config{})}

	DB.Model(&users).Association("Team").Append(&teams1, &teams2, &teams3)

	AssertAssociationCount(t, users, "Team", 9, "After Append")

	teams2_1 := []User{*GetUser("friend-replace-1", Config{}), *GetUser("friend-replace-2", Config{})}

		*GetUser("find_in_batches_with_offset_limit", Config{}),
		*GetUser("find_in_batches_with_offset_limit", Config{}),
		*GetUser("find_in_batches_with_offset_limit", Config{}),
		*GetUser("find_in_batches_with_offset_limit", Config{}),
		*GetUser("find_in_batches_with_offset_limit", Config{}),
		*GetUser("find_in_batches_with_offset_limit", Config{}),
		*GetUser("find_in_batches_with_offset_limit", Config{}),

	tidbDSN      = "root:@tcp(localhost:9940)/test?charset=utf8&parseTime=True&loc=Local"
)

func init() {
	var err error
	if DB, err = OpenTestConnection(&gorm.Config{}); err != nil {
		log.Printf("failed to connect database, got error %v", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	} else {
		sqlDB, err := DB.DB()
		if err != nil {
			log.Printf("failed to connect database, got error %v", err)

package tests_test

import (
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

func TestUpdateHasManyAssociations(t *testing.T) {
	user := *GetUser("update-has-many", Config{})

	if err := DB.Create(&user).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("errors happened when create: %v", err)
	}

	user.Pets = []*Pet{{Name: "pet1"}, {Name: "pet2"}}
	if err := DB.Save(&user).Error; err != nil {