from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/a/{id}")
async def a(id):
    pass  # pragma: no cover


client = TestClient(app)


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",
        "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},

@app.get("/http-exception")
def route_with_http_exception():
    raise HTTPException(status_code=400)


@app.get("/request-validation/{param}/")
def route_with_request_validation_exception(param: int):
    pass  # pragma: no cover


@app.get("/server-error")
def route_with_server_error():
    raise RuntimeError("Oops!")


def test_override_http_exception():
    response = client.get("/http-exception")

@app.get(
    "/a",
    response_class=Response,
    responses={500: {"description": "Error", "model": JsonApiError}},
)
async def a():
    pass  # pragma: no cover


@app.get("/b", responses={500: {"description": "Error", "model": Error}})
async def b():
    pass  # pragma: no cover


client = TestClient(app)


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")

from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIError


def test_invalid_response_model():
    with pytest.raises(FastAPIError):
        from docs_src.response_model.tutorial003_04 import app

from ...utils import needs_py310


@needs_py310
def test_invalid_response_model():
    with pytest.raises(FastAPIError):
        from docs_src.response_model.tutorial003_04_py310 import app

This decoupling of parts, and being a "microframework" that could be extended to cover exactly what is needed was a key feature that I wanted to keep.

Given the simplicity of Flask, it seemed like a good match for building APIs. The next thing to find was a "Django REST Framework" for Flask.

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/a", responses={"hello": {"description": "Not a valid additional response"}})
async def a():
    pass  # pragma: no cover


openapi_schema = {
    "openapi": "3.1.0",
    "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
    "paths": {
        "/a": {
            "get": {
                "responses": {

        received = 0

        async def inner():
            nonlocal received
            message = await receive()
            if message["type"] != "http.request":
                return message  # pragma: no cover

            body_len = len(message.get("body", b""))
            received += body_len
            if received > self.max_content_size:
                raise HTTPException(
                    422,

        * `clientCredentials`
        * `authorizationCode`
    * But there is one specific "flow" that can be perfectly used for handling authentication in the same application directly:
        * `password`: some next chapters will cover examples of this.
* `openIdConnect`: has a way to define how to discover OAuth2 authentication data automatically.
    * This automatic discovery is what is defined in the OpenID Connect specification.


!!! tip

=== "Python 3.8+"

    ```Python hl_lines="20-21"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/path_operation_configuration/tutorial003.py!}
    ```

## Description from docstring