if scope:
        data["scope"] = scope
    response = client.post("/token", data=data)
    content = response.json()
    access_token = content.get("access_token")
    return access_token


@needs_py39
def test_login(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/token", data={"username": "johndoe", "password": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

def test_create_item_bad_token():
    response = client.post(
        "/items/",
        headers={"X-Token": "hailhydra"},
        json={"id": "bazz", "title": "Bazz", "description": "Drop the bazz"},
    )
    assert response.status_code == 400
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Invalid X-Token header"}


def test_create_existing_item():
    response = client.post(
        "/items/",

            "description": None,
            "tax": None,
        },
        "q": "bar",
    }


def test_post_no_body_q_bar(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5?q=bar", json=None)
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": 5, "q": "bar"}


def test_post_no_body(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5", json=None)
    assert response.status_code == 200

def test_create_user(client):
    test_user = {"email": "******@****.***", "password": "secret"}
    response = client.post("/users/", json=test_user)
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    data = response.json()
    assert test_user["email"] == data["email"]
    assert "id" in data
    response = client.post("/users/", json=test_user)
    assert response.status_code == 400, response.text

def test_create_user(client):
    test_user = {"email": "******@****.***", "password": "secret"}
    response = client.post("/users/", json=test_user)
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    data = response.json()
    assert test_user["email"] == data["email"]
    assert "id" in data
    response = client.post("/users/", json=test_user)
    assert response.status_code == 400, response.text


@needs_py310

A round of applause to them. 👏 🙇

## FastAPI Experts

These are the users that have been [helping others the most with questions in GitHub](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-questions-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank}. 🙇

They have proven to be **FastAPI Experts** by helping many others. ✨

!!! tip

</div>

то встроенная переменная `__name__`, автоматически создаваемая Python в вашем файле, будет иметь значение строкового типа `"__main__"`.

Тогда выполнится условие и эта часть кода:

```Python
    uvicorn.run(app, host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
```

будет запущена.

---

Но этого не произойдет, если вы импортируете этот модуль (файл).

Таким образом, если у вас есть файл `importer.py` с таким импортом:

```Python

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.body_multiple_params.tutorial003 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_post_body_valid(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put(
        "/items/5",
        json={
            "importance": 2,
            "item": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.5},
            "user": {"username": "Dave"},

@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.body_multiple_params.tutorial003_an import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_post_body_valid(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put(
        "/items/5",
        json={
            "importance": 2,
            "item": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.5},
            "user": {"username": "Dave"},

    但包含文件的表单编码为 `multipart/form-data`。文件处理详见下节。

    编码和表单字段详见 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods/POST" class="external-link" target="_blank"><abbr title="Mozilla Developer Network">MDN</abbr> Web 文档的 <code>POST</code></a>小节。

!!! warning "警告"

    可在一个*路径操作*中声明多个 `Form` 参数，但不能同时声明要接收 JSON 的 `Body` 字段。因为此时请求体的编码是 `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`，不是 `application/json`。